Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

Perché è importante registrare quando un paziente con ictus è stato visto bene l'ultima volta?

1. AL'ora decide quale lato del cervello è colpito
2. BI pazienti visti dopo un'ora non possono essere ricoverati in una stroke unit
3. CTrattamenti come la trombolisi dipendono dal tempo trascorso dall'esordio
4. DL'ora serve a calcolare il punteggio GCS del paziente

Tapping the cheek in front of the ear makes the facial muscles twitch. What is this sign called?

1. ABattle's sign
2. BChvostek's sign
3. CKernig's sign
4. DTrousseau's sign

Qual è il tipo di ictus più comune?

1. ATrombosi dei seni venosi cerebrali
2. BIctus emorragico da arteria rotta
3. CIctus ischemico da arteria ostruita
4. DEmorragia subaracnoidea da aneurisma

Why is once-daily prednisolone usually taken in the morning with food?

1. ABecause it cannot be absorbed at night
2. BBecause food doubles the strength of the dose
3. CBecause it causes drowsiness and is safer to take during the day
4. DTo match the natural cortisol rhythm and protect the stomach

After transsphenoidal pituitary surgery, which advice should the patient follow?

1. ALie completely flat for at least a week after surgery
2. BAvoid blowing the nose, straining and bending forward
3. CBlow the nose often to clear any clots
4. DDrink through a straw to keep the nose clean

Which statement about storing insulin is correct?

1. AUnopened insulin goes in the fridge and must never be frozen
2. BInsulin that has been frozen can be used once it has thawed
3. CInsulin should be kept on a sunny windowsill to stay warm
4. DAll insulin must be stored in the freezer to keep it stable

During a TURP, a patient becomes confused and nauseated, with a slow pulse and a raised BP. The sodium is 121 mmol/L. What is most likely?

1. AAn allergic reaction to the catheter
2. BHypoglycaemia from fasting for many hours before surgery
3. CTURP syndrome from absorbed irrigation fluid
4. DA normal reaction to the spinal anaesthetic

A patient on carbamazepine is admitted confused, with a sodium of 121 mmol/L. Which explanation is most likely?

1. AThe low sodium proves the patient has stopped taking the drug
2. BCarbamazepine causes salt loss through severe diarrhoea
3. CCarbamazepine can cause hyponatraemia through an SIADH-like effect
4. DConfusion is a normal, expected effect of carbamazepine and is unrelated to sodium