Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

What is the usual first-line treatment for stress urinary incontinence in women?

1. APelvic floor muscle training
2. BSurgery straight away
3. CRestricting fluids to half a litre a day
4. DA permanent urinary catheter

How does glucagon raise blood glucose?

1. AIt makes the liver release stored glucose
2. BIt blocks the absorption of glucose in muscle
3. CIt stops the kidneys losing glucose in urine
4. DIt adds glucose directly into the bloodstream

Which serum sodium result shows hyponatraemia in an adult?

1. A142 mmol/L
2. B138 mmol/L
3. C129 mmol/L
4. D147 mmol/L

Which nursing care is most important for a patient with diabetes insipidus?

1. AWeighing the patient once a month
2. BA strict fluid restriction to reduce the amount of urine passed
3. CStrict fluid balance, daily weight and free access to water
4. DGiving a loop diuretic to clear extra fluid

When the nurse squeezes the trapezius muscle, the patient brings a hand up above the collarbone towards the stimulus. Which GCS motor score is this?

1. A5, localises to pain
2. B4, withdraws from pain
3. C3, abnormal flexion
4. D6, obeys commands

A man starts finasteride for an enlarged prostate. Which statement is correct?

1. AIt is used only for a few days at a time
2. BIt takes months to work; pregnant women must not handle broken tablets
3. CIt lowers the blood pressure, so dizziness is very common
4. DIt works within hours by relaxing the bladder muscle

Un paziente anziano con diabete di tipo 2 ha glicemia 48 mmol/L, osmolalità 365 mOsm/kg, nessun chetone significativo e confusione. Qual è la prima priorità?

1. ARigida restrizione dei liquidi per evitare l'edema cerebrale
2. BGlucosio per bocca per prevenire l'ipoglicemia durante il trattamento
3. CUn grande bolo di insulina EV per portare la glicemia alla norma entro un'ora
4. DLiquidi EV con cautela e controlli ravvicinati di osmolalità, sodio e glicemia

The night after hip surgery, an 84-year-old becomes suddenly confused and tries to pull out their IV line. What is the most appropriate first step?

1. AAsk for a strong sedative so that the patient can sleep
2. BTell the family that this is the start of dementia
3. CApply wrist restraints to protect the IV line
4. DLook for causes such as low oxygen, pain, retention or infection