Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

How should a patient collect a midstream urine sample?

1. ACollect urine over 24 hours into one bottle
2. BCollect urine from the toilet bowl afterwards
3. CCollect the very first drops into the container
4. DLet the first part go in the toilet, then catch the middle

How is chronic kidney disease defined?

1. AAbnormal kidney function or structure for over 3 months
2. BA sudden rise in creatinine over 48 hours after surgery
3. CKidney pain lasting more than a week
4. DAny single raised creatinine result

Which statement about metformin is correct?

1. AIt is the usual first treatment for type 1 diabetes in adults
2. BIt is given by injection into the abdomen once a week
3. CIt works by making the pancreas release a lot more insulin
4. DUsed on its own, it rarely causes hypoglycaemia

During continuous bladder irrigation, 3200 mL drains out in a shift. 2500 mL of irrigation fluid was put in. What is the true urine output?

1. A3200 mL
2. B700 mL
3. C5700 mL
4. D2500 mL

Which picture fits Brown-Séquard syndrome?

1. AParalysis of both legs, with normal sensation everywhere in the body
2. BLoss of all feeling but normal movement on both sides
3. CWeakness on the same side and loss of pain on the opposite side
4. DWeakness of both arms with normal strength in the legs

An 82-year-old taking apixaban fell three weeks ago. Since then their family has noticed increasing confusion and headaches. Which condition is most likely?

1. ANormal ageing with mild memory loss
2. BChronic subdural haematoma
3. CSubarachnoid haemorrhage from an aneurysm
4. DAcute extradural haematoma

A patient has erratic glucose readings. The nurse finds a soft, rubbery lump where they always inject. What is the most important teaching?

1. AUse healthy sites and check glucose often, as less insulin may be needed
2. BKeep injecting into the lump, because it hurts less there
3. CMassage the lump firmly after every injection
4. DDouble the insulin dose because the lump blocks the insulin

Un paziente con tumore del polmone e SIADH ha un sodio di 112 mmol/L e ha convulsioni. Qual è il trattamento più appropriato?

1. ACorrezione rapida a 140 mmol/L nelle prime sei ore
2. BGrandi volumi di acqua per bocca per aiutare a diluire l'urina
3. CGlucosio EV al 5% a velocità elevata finché le convulsioni non cessano
4. DSoluzione salina ipertonica, monitorata, con una velocità di aumento limitata