Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

Why do patients with chronic kidney disease often develop bone disease?

1. AThe kidneys cannot activate vitamin D or clear phosphate
2. BThe kidneys release too much calcium into the bones
3. CThe bones are attacked by antibodies made in the kidneys
4. DPatients usually drink too much milk

Which symptoms are typical of a prolactinoma in a woman?

1. AKidney stones, bone pain and constipation
2. BMilky nipple discharge and irregular periods
3. CVery dark skin creases and a craving for salt
4. DWeight loss with heat intolerance and a fine tremor

How should a peritoneal dialysis catheter exit site be cared for?

1. ASoaked in a hot bath every day
2. BCovered with a tight bandage and not looked at for a week
3. CKept clean and dry and checked daily for redness
4. DCleaned with a strong bleach solution

A patient is due a rapid-acting insulin dose before lunch, but the meal trays are delayed. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the insulin with a glass of water instead
2. BGive the insulin now and the meal when it comes
3. COmit the dose entirely for the rest of the day
4. DWait to give the insulin until the meal arrives

A patient with gout has recurrent uric acid kidney stones. Which treatment helps prevent them?

1. AAllopurinol and making the urine less acidic
2. BRestricting fluids in the evening only
3. CVitamin C supplements and a high-meat diet
4. DCalcium tablets and a low-fluid diet

When a patient sticks out their tongue, it points to the right. Which nerve is affected?

1. AThe left trigeminal nerve (V)
2. BThe right facial nerve (VII)
3. CThe right hypoglossal nerve (XII)
4. DThe left hypoglossal nerve (XII)

Six hours after a catheter is removed, a patient has not passed urine and feels uncomfortable. What should the nurse do?

1. ATell the patient to drink two litres of water quickly
2. BWait until the next morning before checking
3. CPut the catheter back without assessing
4. DDo a bladder scan to check for retention

Un paziente con MRC ha un'emoglobina di 92 g/L e inizia un agente stimolante l'eritropoiesi (ESA). Che cosa deve monitorare l'infermiere?

1. AGlicemia, perché gli ESA spesso causano ipoglicemia
2. BPressione arteriosa ed emoglobina, perché un eccesso aumenta il rischio di coaguli
3. CUdito, perché gli ESA possono danneggiare l'orecchio interno
4. DEnzimi epatici, perché gli ESA sono tossici per il fegato