Scheda di esercizi di Farmacologia con soluzioni

Montelukast, used in asthma, belongs to which drug class?

1. ALeukotriene receptor antagonists
2. BAntimuscarinic bronchodilators
3. CInhaled corticosteroids
4. DShort-acting beta-2 agonists

Psyllium (ispaghula husk) is which type of laxative?

1. AStimulant
2. BStool softener
3. CBulk-forming
4. DOsmotic

Tamoxifen is used mainly to treat:

1. AOestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
2. BProstate enlargement and prostate cancer in older men
3. COsteoarthritis
4. DType 2 diabetes

Which early signs suggest systemic toxicity from a local anaesthetic?

1. AItchy rash and swelling only at the injection site
2. BPinpoint pupils and slow, shallow breathing
3. CNumbness around the mouth, metallic taste and tinnitus
4. DHeavy sweating, salivation and diarrhoea

Which advice helps reduce the most common side effect of varenicline?

1. ATake it after food with a full glass of water
2. BTake it with alcohol to reduce nausea
3. CTake it on an empty stomach at bedtime with a little milk
4. DTake double doses in the first week

Methylergometrine (methylergonovine) is prescribed for postpartum bleeding. Which finding would make the nurse withhold it and check with the prescriber?

1. AHeart rate of 88 per minute
2. BBlood pressure of 160/105 mmHg
3. CTemperature of 37,2 °C (99 °F)
4. DHaemoglobin slightly below normal

A patient who has taken lorazepam daily for many months stops it suddenly. Which serious complication may follow?

1. AWithdrawal seizures
2. BSevere bradycardia
3. CPinpoint pupils and coma
4. DProfound respiratory depression

Un agricoltore esposto a un pesticida organofosforico ha pupille piccole, abbondante salivazione, sudorazione, secrezioni bronchiali e bradicardia. Qual è il meccanismo?

1. ABlocco dei recettori muscarinici
2. BEccessivo rilascio di noradrenalina
3. CInibizione dell'acetilcolinesterasi
4. DBlocco dei recettori GABA-A