Scheda di esercizi di Farmacologia con soluzioni

What is an "adjuvant analgesic"?

1. AA strong opioid used only for severe pain at the end of life
2. BA drug that reverses the effects of opioids
3. CA drug for another condition that also relieves some pain
4. DA placebo given to test whether pain is real

How does tramadol relieve pain?

1. AWeak opioid agonism plus inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin and noradrenaline
2. BBlocking sodium channels in peripheral nerves
3. CBlocking COX enzymes in the periphery
4. DAntagonising NMDA receptors in the spinal cord and blocking sodium channels

Which side effect is common with magnesium-containing antacids?

1. ADiarrhoea
2. BDry cough
3. CConstipation
4. DDrowsiness

Gli antipsicotici tipici come l'aloperidolo agiscono principalmente bloccando:

1. AL'acetilcolinesterasi
2. BI recettori dopaminergici D2
3. CLa ricaptazione della serotonina
4. DI recettori GABA-A

Why should NSAIDs be used with caution in some people with asthma?

1. AThey increase the clearance of salbutamol
2. BThey cause mucus plugs by drying the airways
3. CThey can trigger bronchospasm in aspirin-sensitive asthma
4. DThey block the anti-inflammatory effect of inhaled corticosteroids

A transplant patient takes tacrolimus. Which monitoring is most important?

1. ASerum amylase
2. BPeak expiratory flow
3. CBlood drug levels and kidney function
4. DThyroid function and bone density

A patient on stable warfarin is prescribed a course of metronidazole. What is the likely effect, and what should the nurse expect?

1. AThe INR rises, so closer INR monitoring is needed
2. BThe INR falls, so the risk of clotting increases
3. CMetronidazole replaces warfarin, so warfarin is stopped
4. DThe INR stays the same, as these drugs do not interact

Lithium taken in the first trimester of pregnancy has been linked to which type of birth defect?

1. ALimb defects similar to thalidomide
2. BCleft lip and palate only
3. CNeural tube defects such as spina bifida
4. DHeart malformations, such as Ebstein's anomaly