Scheda di esercizi di Farmacologia con soluzioni

Which of these is an extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotics?

1. AAkathisia (a feeling of inner restlessness)
2. BWeight gain
3. CAgranulocytosis (a very low neutrophil count)
4. DDry mouth

Dobutamine is mainly used to:

1. ADissolve clots in the coronary arteries
2. BTreat high blood pressure at home
3. CSlow the heart rate in fast atrial fibrillation with low blood pressure
4. DIncrease heart contractility in cardiogenic shock or acute heart failure

What is the purpose of the Z-track technique for intramuscular injections?

1. ATo make the injection faster
2. BTo stop the drug leaking back into the subcutaneous tissue
3. CTo allow a larger volume to be given than with a standard injection
4. DTo avoid the need to clean the skin

After naloxone reverses an opioid overdose, why must the patient be watched closely?

1. ANaloxone often causes severe low blood glucose a few hours after the dose
2. BNaloxone itself causes respiratory depression at high doses
3. CNaloxone makes the opioid stay longer in the body
4. DNaloxone may wear off before the opioid does, so breathing can slow again

Which statement about allopurinol is correct?

1. AIt lowers uric acid over time and does not relieve the pain of an acute attack
2. BIt increases uric acid production to flush out crystals
3. CIt is taken only during an acute attack and stopped as soon as the pain settles
4. DIt works within an hour to relieve joint pain

A woman taking the combined pill should seek care urgently for which symptom?

1. AMild breast tenderness in the first month
2. BA painful, swollen calf or sudden chest pain
3. CLight spotting between periods early on
4. DSlight nausea in the first few weeks

Why is vancomycin given by mouth, not intravenously, for Clostridioides difficile infection?

1. AOral vancomycin is not absorbed, so it reaches high levels in the colon
2. BIntravenous vancomycin causes C. difficile infection
3. CThe oral form is cheaper but has the same effect as IV
4. DOral vancomycin is absorbed into the blood better than IV vancomycin

Alcuni recettori mostrano attività anche in assenza di agonista. In che cosa un agonista inverso differisce da un antagonista neutro su tali recettori?

1. ADistrugge il recettore in modo permanente
2. BNon ha alcun effetto se somministrato da solo
3. CAumenta l'attività al di sopra del livello basale
4. DRiduce l'attività al di sotto del livello basale