Scheda di esercizi di Farmacologia con soluzioni

What is drug synergism?

1. ATwo drugs together produce exactly the sum of their separate effects
2. BA drug loses its effect after repeated doses
3. CTwo drugs together have a greater effect than the sum of each alone
4. DOne drug cancels out the effect of another drug

Why are corticosteroids such as betamethasone given to a woman at risk of preterm birth?

1. ATo speed up fetal lung maturity
2. BTo stop contractions completely
3. CTo lower the mother's blood glucose
4. DTo prevent infection in the mother

Un cerotto di fentanil applicato sulla pelle è un esempio di quale via di somministrazione?

1. ATransdermica
2. BSottocutanea
3. CIntradermica
4. DSublinguale

A nurse realises that a patient has been given the wrong dose of a medicine. What is the first action?

1. AWait to see whether the patient notices
2. BAssess the patient for effects of the error
3. CCorrect the chart so it shows the right dose
4. DComplete the incident report before anything else

Which teaching about antiepileptic drugs is most important?

1. ADo not stop the drug suddenly, as this can trigger severe seizures
2. BTake a double dose if you feel a seizure coming
3. CStop the drug when you have had no seizures for one whole week
4. DAlcohol has no effect on seizure control

A patient with diabetes is sweaty and shaky. Blood glucose is 3,0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL). The patient is awake and can swallow. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive the next scheduled dose of insulin
2. BGive intramuscular glucagon at once
3. CGive 15–20 g of fast-acting carbohydrate, such as juice
4. DGive a large meal high in fat and protein to keep glucose up for longer

A postoperative patient using morphine PCA is very drowsy, hard to rouse and has a respiratory rate of 7 per minute. What should the nurse do first?

1. ALet the patient sleep and recheck in one hour
2. BEncourage the patient to press the button only when awake and in pain
3. CReduce the PCA dose and leave the pump running
4. DStop the PCA, try to rouse the patient and give naloxone as per protocol

A patient with severe liver cirrhosis needs a benzodiazepine for alcohol withdrawal. Why is lorazepam often chosen instead of diazepam?

1. ALorazepam is a stronger anticonvulsant than all other benzodiazepines
2. BLorazepam does not cause sedation in liver disease
3. CLorazepam is excreted unchanged in the urine without any metabolism
4. DLorazepam is cleared by simple conjugation and has no active metabolites