Scheda di esercizi di Farmacologia con soluzioni

Quale organo elimina la maggior parte dei farmaci idrosolubili e dei loro metaboliti?

1. AIl fegato
2. BIl polmone
3. CIl rene
4. DLa cute

Dextromethorphan is used as:

1. AA cough suppressant
2. BAn expectorant that thins mucus
3. CA nasal decongestant
4. DAn antibiotic for chest infections

Which of these is an extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotics?

1. AAgranulocytosis (a very low neutrophil count)
2. BDry mouth
3. CAkathisia (a feeling of inner restlessness)
4. DWeight gain

Which early signs suggest systemic toxicity from a local anaesthetic?

1. AHeavy sweating, salivation and diarrhoea
2. BNumbness around the mouth, metallic taste and tinnitus
3. CPinpoint pupils and slow, shallow breathing
4. DItchy rash and swelling only at the injection site

Come migliora la forza muscolare la neostigmina nella miastenia grave?

1. AInibisce l'acetilcolinesterasi, così più acetilcolina raggiunge i recettori
2. BAumenta il numero di recettori dell'acetilcolina alla giunzione neuromuscolare
3. CStimola direttamente i recettori muscarinici del muscolo
4. DBlocca gli autoanticorpi diretti contro il recettore

A patient is starting lisinopril. Which rare but serious adverse effect should the nurse teach the patient to report immediately?

1. AAn increase in appetite in the evening
2. BSwelling of the lips, tongue or face
3. CA harmless rash on the palms of the hands
4. DDarker skin after exposure to sunlight

Why is the TPMT enzyme often tested before azathioprine is started?

1. ATPMT testing shows whether the patient has tuberculosis
2. BHigh TPMT activity causes an allergic reaction to azathioprine
3. CLow TPMT activity causes toxic levels and marrow suppression
4. DTPMT is needed to absorb azathioprine from the gut

A patient on heparin for 7 days has a platelet count that has fallen by more than half, and a new leg vein thrombosis. What is the most likely cause and the key action?

1. AHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia; stop all heparin
2. BVitamin K deficiency; give vitamin K and continue heparin
3. CWarfarin skin necrosis; switch from heparin to warfarin at once
4. DNormal dilution of platelets; continue and recheck in a week