Scheda di esercizi di Farmacologia con soluzioni

Un sovradosaggio di paracetamolo danneggia soprattutto quale organo?

1. AMucosa gastrica
2. BFegato
3. CPolmoni
4. DPrima i reni, poi il cuore

Sumatriptan is used mainly to:

1. ATreat high blood pressure
2. BPrevent epileptic seizures
3. CRelieve nerve pain from diabetes
4. DTreat an acute migraine attack

Why is methadone used to treat opioid use disorder?

1. AIt is a pure opioid antagonist that blocks all opioid effects
2. BIt causes vomiting if other opioids are used
3. CIt is a long-acting opioid that prevents withdrawal and craving
4. DIt cures the liver damage caused by opioids

A patient is starting doxazosin, an alpha-1 blocker. What should the nurse advise about the first dose?

1. ATake it only if the urine is darker than usual
2. BTake it in the morning with a cup of strong coffee to stay alert
3. CTake it at bedtime, because it can cause dizziness and fainting
4. DExpect a short rise in blood pressure after the dose

A patient with Addison's disease on hydrocortisone develops a fever with flu. What is the usual advice?

1. AHalve the hydrocortisone to reduce side effects
2. BIncrease the dose as instructed (sick-day rules) and seek help if vomiting
3. CStop the hydrocortisone until the fever settles, to let the body recover
4. DMake no change, as illness does not affect cortisol needs

How is adenosine given for supraventricular tachycardia?

1. AAs an intramuscular injection into the outer thigh muscle
2. BAs a slow infusion over one hour
3. CAs a rapid IV push followed by a fast saline flush
4. DAs a tablet under the tongue

A malnourished patient with low serum albumin shows nystagmus and unsteady gait. Her total phenytoin level is within range. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe total level is high, but the laboratory is wrong
2. BMore phenytoin is unbound when albumin is low, so free levels rise
3. CLow albumin speeds up phenytoin metabolism
4. DLow albumin makes phenytoin bind more tightly, so the drug is less active

Un agricoltore esposto a un pesticida organofosforico ha pupille piccole, abbondante salivazione, sudorazione, secrezioni bronchiali e bradicardia. Qual è il meccanismo?

1. ABlocco dei recettori muscarinici
2. BEccessivo rilascio di noradrenalina
3. CInibizione dell'acetilcolinesterasi
4. DBlocco dei recettori GABA-A