Scheda di esercizi di Farmacologia con soluzioni

Un sovradosaggio di paracetamolo danneggia soprattutto quale organo?

1. AMucosa gastrica
2. BPolmoni
3. CFegato
4. DPrima i reni, poi il cuore

Qual è il ruolo principale dei corticosteroidi inalatori nell'asma?

1. ARisolvere in pochi minuti un broncospasmo improvviso
2. BFluidificare il muco per poterlo espettorare
3. CRidurre l'infiammazione delle vie aeree e prevenire gli attacchi
4. DUccidere i batteri nelle vie aeree

Desmopressin is a synthetic analogue of which hormone?

1. AAntidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)
2. BAldosterone
3. COxytocin, the hormone of labour
4. DInsulin

Why are patients taking simvastatin often advised to avoid large amounts of grapefruit juice?

1. AGrapefruit speeds up simvastatin breakdown in the liver, so the drug stops working
2. BGrapefruit blocks cholesterol absorption and causes low cholesterol
3. CGrapefruit inhibits CYP3A4 in the gut, raising simvastatin levels and myopathy risk
4. DGrapefruit makes the tablet dissolve in the mouth

A patient has oral mucositis after chemotherapy. Which advice is appropriate?

1. AUse an alcohol-based mouthwash several times a day to kill germs
2. BEat spicy and acidic foods to stimulate healing
3. CBrush hard with a firm toothbrush to remove debris
4. DUse a soft toothbrush and rinse with saline or a bland mouthwash

Quale è un noto effetto avverso dei corticosteroidi orali a lungo termine?

1. AOsteoporosi
2. BPressione arteriosa bassa
3. CIpoglicemia
4. DCalo di peso

A patient who has taken lorazepam daily for many months stops it suddenly. Which serious complication may follow?

1. APinpoint pupils and coma
2. BProfound respiratory depression
3. CSevere bradycardia
4. DWithdrawal seizures

A patient on heparin for 7 days has a platelet count that has fallen by more than half, and a new leg vein thrombosis. What is the most likely cause and the key action?

1. AWarfarin skin necrosis; switch from heparin to warfarin at once
2. BHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia; stop all heparin
3. CNormal dilution of platelets; continue and recheck in a week
4. DVitamin K deficiency; give vitamin K and continue heparin