Scheda di esercizi di Farmacologia con soluzioni

Gli antibiotici sono efficaci contro:

1. ATutti i microrganismi allo stesso modo
2. BVirus
3. CBatteri
4. DReazioni allergiche

Which of these drugs has a narrow therapeutic index?

1. AAmoxicillin
2. BLoratadine
3. COmeprazole
4. DLithium

Chlordiazepoxide is commonly used to manage:

1. AOpioid overdose
2. BAlcohol withdrawal
3. CMigraine prevention
4. DBipolar mania

A patient starting niacin (nicotinic acid) complains of flushing and warmth after doses. Which advice may reduce this?

1. ADouble the dose to build tolerance faster
2. BTake aspirin 30 minutes before the niacin, if the prescriber agrees
3. CTake it on an empty stomach in a hot bath
4. DTake the niacin with a hot drink so that it dissolves and acts faster

A patient with heart failure starts furosemide. Which self-monitoring instruction is most useful?

1. AMeasure the temperature twice a day and record it in a diary
2. BWeigh daily at the same time on the same scales
3. CCheck the blood glucose before every meal
4. DCount the respiratory rate each evening

Before starting a TNF-alpha inhibitor such as adalimumab, which test is required?

1. AA glucose tolerance test
2. BScreening for latent tuberculosis
3. CAn echocardiogram in every patient
4. DA bone density scan

A patient with Parkinson's disease has nausea. Why should metoclopramide be avoided?

1. AIt inhibits the absorption of all oral drugs
2. BIt causes severe diarrhoea in Parkinson's disease
3. CIt increases dopamine levels in the brain too much and causes psychosis
4. DIt blocks dopamine receptors in the brain and can worsen the parkinsonism

Why is vancomycin given by mouth, not intravenously, for Clostridioides difficile infection?

1. AIntravenous vancomycin causes C. difficile infection
2. BThe oral form is cheaper but has the same effect as IV
3. COral vancomycin is not absorbed, so it reaches high levels in the colon
4. DOral vancomycin is absorbed into the blood better than IV vancomycin