Scheda di esercizi di Farmacologia con soluzioni

With patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), who should press the button to give a dose?

1. AOnly the patient
2. BThe nursing assistant at set times
3. CA family member when the patient is asleep
4. DAny visitor who thinks the patient is in pain

Which drug class is first-line for stopping a seizure in status epilepticus?

1. ABeta blockers, such as IV metoprolol
2. BAntihistamines, such as IV chlorphenamine
3. COpioids, such as IV morphine
4. DBenzodiazepines, such as IV lorazepam

Which drug reverses the sedation of a benzodiazepine overdose?

1. AProtamine sulfate
2. BNaloxone
3. CAtropine
4. DFlumazenil

Which patient should usually not use the combined oral contraceptive pill?

1. AA 30-year-old non-smoker with no medical problems
2. BA 22-year-old non-smoker with acne
3. CA 38-year-old woman who smokes 20 cigarettes a day
4. DA 25-year-old woman with heavy periods

Perché i FANS come l'ibuprofene aumentano il rischio di ulcera gastrica?

1. ARiducono le prostaglandine protettive della mucosa gastrica
2. BAumentano il numero di batteri Helicobacter pylori nello stomaco
3. CAumentano il pH dell'acido gastrico
4. DSciolgono direttamente lo strato di muco

Which approach is usually recommended to prevent constipation in a patient on regular opioids?

1. ANo laxative until the patient has not opened the bowels for a week
2. BBulk-forming fibre alone, with fluid intake restricted
3. CA stimulant laxative such as senna, often with a stool softener
4. DAn antidiarrhoeal drug at night to slow the gut

A patient's record shows anaphylaxis to penicillin. Amoxicillin has been prescribed. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the amoxicillin with an antihistamine to prevent a reaction
2. BWithhold it and contact the prescriber, as amoxicillin is a penicillin
3. CGive the amoxicillin, as it belongs to a different antibiotic group
4. DGive half the dose and observe for a reaction

A patient taking sertraline starts St John's wort for low mood. What is the main concern?

1. ABleeding from vitamin K deficiency
2. BSevere low blood pressure from blocked alpha receptors
3. CA hypertensive crisis from tyramine
4. DSerotonin syndrome from combined serotonergic effects