Scheda di esercizi di Farmacologia con soluzioni

Which description fits insulin glargine?

1. AAn intermediate-acting cloudy insulin with a clear peak
2. BA long-acting basal insulin with no marked peak
3. CAn oral tablet that makes the pancreas release insulin
4. DA rapid-acting insulin given with each meal

Which long-term side effect of phenytoin makes good oral hygiene especially important?

1. ABlue-grey discoloration of the teeth and gums
2. BExcess saliva production
3. CLoss of taste
4. DOvergrowth of the gums (gingival hyperplasia)

With patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), who should press the button to give a dose?

1. AOnly the patient
2. BThe nursing assistant at set times
3. CAny visitor who thinks the patient is in pain
4. DA family member when the patient is asleep

Which blood test is commonly used to monitor a continuous infusion of unfractionated heparin?

1. AHaemoglobin A1c
2. BINR (international normalised ratio, prothrombin time)
3. CSerum potassium
4. DActivated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)

A patient with a fentanyl patch is given home-care advice. Which instruction is correct?

1. AApply each new patch over the same skin area
2. BThrow used patches loose into the household bin with the packaging
3. CAvoid heating pads, hot baths and saunas over or near the patch
4. DCut the patch in half if the pain is mild

Quale effetto avverso grave ma raro delle statine i pazienti devono segnalare subito?

1. AUn sapore metallico
2. BDolore o debolezza muscolare inspiegati
3. CUna tosse secca
4. DGonfiore alle caviglie

During general anaesthesia with a volatile agent and suxamethonium (succinylcholine), a patient develops muscle rigidity, rising end-tidal CO₂ and a fast-rising temperature. Which drug is the specific treatment?

1. ADantrolene
2. BNeostigmine
3. CParacetamol
4. DNaloxone

A malnourished patient with low serum albumin shows nystagmus and unsteady gait. Her total phenytoin level is within range. What is the most likely explanation?

1. ALow albumin makes phenytoin bind more tightly, so the drug is less active
2. BMore phenytoin is unbound when albumin is low, so free levels rise
3. CLow albumin speeds up phenytoin metabolism
4. DThe total level is high, but the laboratory is wrong