Scheda di esercizi di Farmacologia con soluzioni

Which drug is first-line for symptomatic bradycardia in adults?

1. AAtropine
2. BAdenosine
3. CDigoxin
4. DMetoprolol

What is the purpose of the Z-track technique for intramuscular injections?

1. ATo make the injection faster
2. BTo allow a larger volume to be given than with a standard injection
3. CTo avoid the need to clean the skin
4. DTo stop the drug leaking back into the subcutaneous tissue

Che cos'è un placebo?

1. AUn farmaco attivo solo nel gruppo placebo
2. BUn trattamento inattivo che può comunque produrre effetti attraverso l'aspettativa
3. CUn nuovo farmaco non ancora approvato
4. DUn farmaco somministrato a metà della dose normale per ridurre gli effetti collaterali negli studi

A patient taking levodopa finds that the drug works poorly after large meals. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. ATake every dose with a large glass of milk and a protein snack
2. BAvoid taking doses at the same time as high-protein meals
3. CTake the drug only at bedtime
4. DDouble the dose after each meal

A patient refuses a prescribed oral medicine. What should the nurse do?

1. AHide the tablet in the patient's food
2. BLeave the tablet on the bedside table for later
3. CRecord the medicine as given, so that the chart stays complete for the next shift
4. DExplore the reason, respect the decision, document and inform the prescriber

After several years of levodopa treatment, which problem is common?

1. ASevere hypoglycaemia after each dose
2. BPermanent hearing loss
3. CComplete and permanent loss of all Parkinson's symptoms
4. DDyskinesias and "on–off" fluctuations in response

Why is vincristine labelled "for intravenous use only – fatal if given by other routes"?

1. AIntramuscular injection causes severe and prolonged hypoglycaemia
2. BAccidental intrathecal injection causes fatal ascending neurotoxicity
3. COral vincristine causes immediate anaphylaxis
4. DSubcutaneous injection makes the drug inactive

Nel sovradosaggio di aspirina le urine possono essere alcalinizzate con bicarbonato di sodio. Perché ciò aumenta l'escrezione di salicilati?

1. AUna quota maggiore di salicilato è ionizzata nel tubulo, quindi ne viene riassorbita meno
2. BLe urine alcaline aumentano la filtrazione glomerulare
3. CIl bicarbonato accelera il metabolismo epatico del salicilato in forme inattive
4. DIl bicarbonato lega il salicilato e lo rende inattivo