ある診療所は、3 月に 334 人、4 月に 501 人の患者を診ました。 増加率 p は何パーセントですか?
334 → 501
p = %
2.看護学校入学準備の数学(入学試験)むずかしい
表は、2024 年と 2025 年のセンター A、B、C のボランティア数を示しています。 2025 年のボランティア全体の何パーセント p がセンター B にいましたか? 最も近い整数に丸めてください。
p = %
3.看護の計算と単位換算ふつう
練習問題(数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません)。 ある患者の身長は 5 ft 1 in です。1 ft = 12 in と 1 in = 2.54 cm を使って、身長 h をセンチメートルで、cm の整数に丸めて求めてください。
5 ft 1 in1 ft = 12 in1 in = 2.54 cm
h = cm
4.看護の計算と単位換算むずかしい
練習問題(数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません)。 ある点滴が 22:25 に始まり、翌朝の 01:25 に終了しました(24時間表記)。何分 t 続きましたか。
22:2501:25
t = min
5.読解(入学試験)ふつう
In the 1840s, the doctor Ignaz Semmelweis noticed that many mothers died after childbirth in wards where doctors came straight from performing autopsies. When he required doctors to wash their hands in a chlorine solution, the death rate dropped sharply. What does the passage suggest?
AChlorine was used to make medicines for new mothers.
BHand washing reduced the spread of infection to the mothers.
CAutopsies were no longer performed in that hospital after the year 1840.
DThe mothers died because of problems during birth only.
6.読解(入学試験)むずかしい
“The new treatment is promising,” the researcher said, “but our trial included only 40 patients, all of them under 50. We cannot yet say whether it works for older adults.” What can you infer about the researcher’s view?
AMore research is needed before wider use.
BThe treatment should be given to everyone now.
CThe treatment does not work at all.
DOlder adults should never receive the treatment.
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient had a laceration on her scalp after the fall.”
AA raised lump under the skin
BA small rash
CA torn or jagged cut
DA heat burn
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)むずかしい
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The aetiology of the disease is still unknown.”
ALikely outcome
BCause or origin
CRate of spread
DUsual treatment
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the correct verb: “Ham and cheese ___ my favourite sandwich.”
Ahave been
Bis
Cwere
Dare
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)むずかしい
Which revision best corrects the shift from active to passive voice? “The nurse checked the chart, and then the medication was given by her.”
AThe chart was checked, and then the nurse gave the medication.
BThe chart was checked by the nurse, and then she gave the medication.
CThe nurse checked the chart and then gave the medication.
DThe nurse checked the chart, and then the medication had been given.
11.人体解剖学ふつう
手を伸ばした状態で転倒した後に最もよく骨折する手根骨はどれですか?
A舟状骨
B月状骨
C有鉤骨
D豆状骨
12.人体解剖学むずかしい
胸腔ドレーンや穿刺針を胸膜腔に挿入するとき、肋骨の上縁のすぐ上に入れるのはなぜですか?
A各肋骨の上には肋間筋がないため
B胸膜が各肋骨のすぐ上で最も厚いため
C肋間静脈・動脈・神経が各肋骨の下縁に沿って走るため
D肺が各肋骨の上の領域には達しないため
13.人体生理学ふつう
コントロールされていない糖尿病で尿にブドウ糖が出るのはなぜですか?
A糸球体がブドウ糖をろ過しなくなるから
B尿細管でのブドウ糖の再吸収にインスリンが必要だから
Cろ過される量が尿細管の輸送極大を超えるから
D集合管がブドウ糖を能動的に分泌するから
14.人体生理学むずかしい
健康な人が横になった状態から急に立ち上がりました。失神を防ぐ反射はどれですか?
AADH 分泌がすぐに血液量を 2 倍にする
Bベインブリッジ反射が心拍数を下げる
C圧受容器反射が心拍数を上げ、血管を収縮させる
D化学受容器反射が呼吸数と動脈血の酸素濃度を高める
15.看護学校入学試験のための生物ふつう
Why does each type of virus infect only certain kinds of cells?
AIt can only enter cells that have no nucleus
BIt must find cells with the same DNA as its own
CIt must attach to specific receptor proteins on the cell surface
DIt can only enter cells that are dividing by meiosis at that time
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物むずかしい
Why do cells get far more ATP from glucose when oxygen is present than when it is absent?
AWithout oxygen, glucose cannot enter the cell or be broken down at all
BWithout oxygen the Krebs cycle runs faster but makes less ATP
COxygen itself is converted into ATP in the mitochondria
DWithout oxygen only glycolysis runs, giving a net of 2 ATP per glucose
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学ふつう
What is the formula of sodium sulfate, made from Na⁺ and SO₄²⁻ ions?
ANa₂SO₄
BNa(SO₄)₂
CNa₄SO₂
DNaSO₄
18.看護学校入学試験のための化学むずかしい
A solution of a strong acid has pH 2. It is diluted with water to 10 times its original volume. What is the new pH?
答え: B · Hand washing reduced the spread of infection to the mothers.
これが答えになる理由
Deaths fell after doctors washed their hands, which suggests that the doctors had been carrying infection from the autopsies to the mothers.
答え
B · Hand washing reduced the spread of infection to the mothers.
6.読解(入学試験)
答え: A · More research is needed before wider use.
これが答えになる理由
The researcher is cautiously positive but notes the small, young sample, which implies further studies are needed, especially in older adults.
答え
A · More research is needed before wider use.
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: C · A torn or jagged cut
これが答えになる理由
A laceration is a wound in which the skin is torn or cut, often with irregular edges.
答え
C · A torn or jagged cut
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: B · Cause or origin
これが答えになる理由
Aetiology (US: etiology) is the cause or origin of a disease.
答え
B · Cause or origin
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: B · is
これが答えになる理由
When two nouns joined by “and” name one thing or idea, the subject is treated as singular, so the verb is “is”.
答え
B · is
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: C · The nurse checked the chart and then gave the medication.
これが答えになる理由
A keeps both verbs in the active voice with “the nurse” as the subject. B and D still mix passive and active, and C stays passive in the second clause.
答え
C · The nurse checked the chart and then gave the medication.
答え: C · It must attach to specific receptor proteins on the cell surface
これが答えになる理由
Viral surface proteins bind to particular receptor molecules on host cells. Only cells with the right receptors can be infected; for example, HIV binds the CD4 protein on helper T cells.
答え
C · It must attach to specific receptor proteins on the cell surface
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物
答え: D · Without oxygen only glycolysis runs, giving a net of 2 ATP per glucose
これが答えになる理由
Glycolysis gives a net of 2 ATP. With oxygen, pyruvate is fully oxidised in the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain, which make many more ATP. Without oxygen these stages stop, and fermentation only recycles NAD⁺ so that glycolysis can continue.
答え
D · Without oxygen only glycolysis runs, giving a net of 2 ATP per glucose
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: A · Na₂SO₄
これが答えになる理由
Two Na⁺ ions (2+) balance one SO₄²⁻ (2−), giving Na₂SO₄. The sulfate group stays intact as SO₄.
答え
A · Na₂SO₄
18.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: C · 3
これが答えになる理由
[H⁺] goes from 10⁻² to 10⁻³ mol/L, so the pH rises by one unit to 3. Diluting an acid makes its pH higher (less acidic), never lower.