地図上で、1 cm は 20 km を表します。2 つの町は地図上で 3 cm 離れています。実際の距離 x は何キロメートルですか?
1 cm : 20 km3 cm
x = km
3.看護の計算と単位換算ふつう
練習問題(数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません)。 ある新生児の体重は 8 lb 5 oz です。1 lb = 16 oz と 1 kg = 2.2 lb を使って、体重 m をキログラムで求めてください。小数第2位に丸めてください。
8 lb 5 oz1 lb = 16 oz1 kg = 2.2 lb
m = kg
4.看護の計算と単位換算むずかしい
練習問題(数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません)。 ある点滴が 23:35 に始まり、翌朝の 07:45 に終了しました(24時間表記)。何時間 t 続きましたか。答えは時間の小数で、小数第2位に丸めてください。
23:3507:45
t = h
5.読解(入学試験)ふつう
“Dear residents, the lift (elevator) in Block A will be out of service from Monday to Wednesday. We apologise for the inconvenience. Residents who need help with heavy items may call the caretaker.” What is the main purpose of the message?
ATo introduce a new caretaker
BTo ask residents to repair the lift themselves
CTo inform residents about the lift and offer help
DTo announce that Block A is closing for good
6.読解(入学試験)むずかしい
“Luis looked at his watch, then at the long queue, then at his watch again. Finally, he sighed, stepped out of the line and walked to the self-service machine.” What most likely motivated Luis?
AHe was short of time.
BHe wanted to talk to the cashier.
CHe had forgotten his wallet.
DHe enjoyed waiting in queues.
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “She felt vertigo every time she stood up quickly.”
AA spinning sensation
BRinging in the ears
CBlurred vision
DTightness in the chest
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)むずかしい
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The wound edges were approximated with sutures.”
ABrought close together
BCleaned thoroughly
CMeasured roughly
DPulled apart
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the correct word: “Last night he ___ awake for hours.”
Alaid
Blayed
Clied
Dlay
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)むずかしい
Which sentence uses “who” and “whom” correctly?
AWhom did you see at the clinic, and who helped you?
BWhom did you see at the clinic, and whom helped you?
CWho did you see at the clinic, and who’s helped you?
DWho did you see at the clinic, and whom helped you?
11.人体解剖学ふつう
手首で脈をとるときに最もよく使う動脈はどれですか?
A橈骨動脈
B腋窩動脈
C上腕動脈
D尺骨動脈
12.人体解剖学むずかしい
舟状骨の腰部骨折の後、近位極に無腐性壊死のリスクがあるのはなぜですか?
A血栓ができやすい 1 本の静脈で還流されるため
B唯一の動脈が月状骨を通るため
C血液供給が主に遠位端から入るため
D血液供給がまったくないため
13.人体生理学ふつう
アルドステロンの腎臓への主な作用は何ですか?
A糸球体でのろ過の増加
Bアクアポリンの挿入による水の再吸収のみ
C近位尿細管でのブドウ糖の再吸収
D遠位ネフロンでのナトリウムの再吸収とカリウムの分泌
14.人体生理学むずかしい
左室不全が肺水腫を起こすのはなぜですか?
A気管支動脈がふさがるから
B左房圧の上昇が肺毛細血管の静水圧を上げるから
C肺の血漿膠質浸透圧が急激に上がるから
D右室が肺に送る血液が減るから
15.看護学校入学試験のための生物ふつう
能動輸送を説明しているのはどれか。
Aエネルギーを使わず、濃度勾配に従って物質を移動させる
B膜を通る水だけを移動させる
Cエネルギーを使って、濃度勾配に逆らって物質を移動させる
D死んだ細胞でだけ起こる
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物むずかしい
Plasmids with an ampicillin-resistance gene are mixed with bacteria, which are then spread on a plate containing ampicillin. Why do only a few colonies grow?
AThe plasmid kills the bacteria that do not grow
BOnly the bacteria that took up the plasmid can survive
CAll the bacteria die, and the colonies are fungi
DAmpicillin makes some bacteria take up the plasmid
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学ふつう
Why does water boil at a lower temperature at the top of a high mountain?
AThe air pressure is lower, so less vapour pressure is needed to boil
BThere is less oxygen dissolved in the water up there
CThe air is colder, so the water loses heat and boils sooner
DGravity is weaker, so the molecules escape more easily
18.看護学校入学試験のための化学むずかしい
A small amount of acid is spilled on a lab bench. Why is a weak base such as sodium bicarbonate preferred over strong NaOH to neutralise it?
AExcess sodium bicarbonate is far less harmful than excess NaOH
BSodium bicarbonate is a strong acid that cancels the spill
CNaOH does not react with acids at room temperature
DSodium bicarbonate makes the spilled acid evaporate
3溶液
1.看護学校入学準備の数学(入学試験)
答え: A = 28.26 cm²
周囲の長さ、面積、体積:周囲の長さは図形のまわりの距離です(長方形:2l + 2w)。面積は平方単位で測ります:長方形 l × w、三角形 ½ × 底辺 × 高さ、円 π·r²。円周は π·d = 2π·r です。体積は立方単位です:直方体 l × w × h、円柱 π·r²·h。π の値は、問題で与えられたものを使います。
面積
A = 3.14 × 3² = 3.14 × 9 = 28.26 cm²
答え
A = 28.26 cm²
2.看護学校入学準備の数学(入学試験)
答え: x = 60 km
速さと縮尺:速さ = 距離 ÷ 時間で、時間は答えの単位にそろえます(2 h 15 min = 2.25 h。15 min = 15/60 h だからです)。地図の縮尺は比例です:地図上の 1 cm は地上の一定の距離を表すので、地図上の距離にそれを掛けます。
縮尺を掛ける
x = 3 × 20 = 60 km
答え
x = 60 km
3.看護の計算と単位換算
答え: m = 3.78 kg
家庭用の計量と体重:看護の試験では丸めた換算値を使います。小さじ1(tsp)= 5 mL、大さじ1(tbsp)= 15 mL = 小さじ3、液量オンス1(fl oz)= 30 mL = 大さじ2、1カップ = 8 fl oz = 240 mL。体重は 1 kg = 2.2 lb、1 lb = 16 oz、長さは 1 インチ = 2.54 cm です。不要な単位が約分されて消えるように式を立ててください。
答え: B · Only the bacteria that took up the plasmid can survive
これが答えになる理由
Only a small fraction of bacteria take up the plasmid. The antibiotic kills all those without it, so the colonies that grow are the transformed bacteria. This is how scientists select cells carrying a new gene.
答え
B · Only the bacteria that took up the plasmid can survive
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: A · The air pressure is lower, so less vapour pressure is needed to boil
これが答えになる理由
At high altitude the atmospheric pressure is lower, so water's vapour pressure reaches it at a lower temperature. Water therefore boils below 100 °C, and food takes longer to cook.
答え
A · The air pressure is lower, so less vapour pressure is needed to boil
18.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: A · Excess sodium bicarbonate is far less harmful than excess NaOH
これが答えになる理由
It is hard to add exactly the right amount. Excess bicarbonate is only mildly basic, while excess NaOH is itself corrosive. The fizzing of CO₂ also shows when neutralisation is complete.
答え
A · Excess sodium bicarbonate is far less harmful than excess NaOH