練習問題(数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません)。 維持輸液が 60 mL/h で休みなく続いています。24時間で何リットル V を投与しますか。
60 mL/h24 h
V = L
5.読解(入学試験)ふつう
Paragraph: “Many students struggle to focus at home. Phones buzz, family members talk, and the TV is often on. A quiet library can be a better place to study.” What is the author’s main point?
AStudents should turn off their phones at night.
BA library may be a better place to study.
CFamilies should watch less TV in the evening.
DStudents study best with friends at home.
6.読解(入学試験)むずかしい
A medicine label reads: “Take 1 capsule every 8 hours. Do not take with milk or antacids. Finish the full course even if you feel better.” A patient feels well after 3 days of a 7-day course. What should the patient do?
AStop taking the capsules because the symptoms are gone.
BTake the remaining capsules all at once with milk.
CTake one capsule a day for the rest of the week.
DKeep taking the capsules until the course is finished.
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The nurse noticed a tremor in the patient’s hands.”
AInvoluntary shaking
BJoint stiffness
CMuscle weakness
DLoss of feeling
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)むずかしい
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The older patient had orthostatic hypotension.”
ARelated to lying flat
BRelated to standing upright
CRelated to eating a meal
DRelated to hard physical exercise
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)ふつう
Which sentence contains a misplaced modifier?
AShe served sandwiches to the children on paper plates.
BShe served the children sandwiches that were on paper plates.
CShe served the children sandwiches on paper plates.
DOn paper plates, she served sandwiches to the children.
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)むずかしい
Which sentence avoids a vague pronoun reference?
AIt says on the hospital website that they will change visiting hours.
BThey said at the hospital that visiting hours will change.
CAt the hospital, they say visiting hours will change.
DThe hospital announced that visiting hours will change.
11.人体解剖学ふつう
交感神経系はどの脊髄分節から中枢神経系を出ますか?
A脳と仙髄
B仙髄のみ(S2〜S4)
C頸髄のみ
D胸髄と上部腰髄(T1〜L2)
12.人体解剖学むずかしい
後縦隔にある構造はどれですか?
A心臓
B上行大動脈
C胸腺
D食道
13.人体生理学ふつう
動脈血 pH の正常範囲はどれですか?
A7.35〜7.45
B7.00〜7.20
C7.50〜7.65
D6.80〜7.00
14.人体生理学むずかしい
原発性副腎皮質機能低下症(アジソン病)で予想される組み合わせはどれですか?
Aナトリウムが高く、カリウムが低く、ACTH が低い
Bナトリウムが高く、カリウムが高く、ACTH が高い
Cナトリウムが低く、カリウムが高く、ACTH が高い
Dナトリウムが低く、カリウムが低く、ACTH が低い
15.看護学校入学試験のための生物ふつう
What is meant by independent assortment in meiosis?
AHomologous pairs line up randomly, so gametes get different mixes of chromosomes
BAll chromosomes from the mother go into the same gamete
CDNA is copied separately in each chromosome
DSister chromatids stay joined until the end of meiosis, so all gametes are identical
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物むずかしい
The antibiotic tetracycline binds to bacterial ribosomes. Which process does it block, and why are human cells much less affected?
ATranscription, because human cells have no RNA polymerase of their own
BTranslation, because bacterial ribosomes differ from human ribosomes
CTranslation, because human cells have no ribosomes
DDNA replication, because bacteria have no DNA polymerase
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学ふつう
A patient's arterial blood pH is 7.25. How is this described?
ANormal
BAcidosis
CNeutral
DAlkalosis
18.看護学校入学試験のための化学むずかしい
A student tests whether water temperature affects how fast sugar dissolves. Which set of factors should be kept the same in every trial?
AThe mass of sugar, the type of sugar, the volume of water and the amount of stirring
BThe water temperature and the dissolving time
CNothing, because changing several factors at once gives more useful data
DOnly the colour of the cup
3溶液
1.看護学校入学準備の数学(入学試験)
答え: x = 20 カップ
比と比例:比 a : b は 2 つの量を比べます。比例式では 2 つの比が等しく、a/b = c/d で、たすき掛け a·d = b·c で解きます。ある量を比 m : n で分けるには、m + n 個の等しい部分に分け、一方の取り分は m 個分、もう一方は n 個分です。
答え: A · Homologous pairs line up randomly, so gametes get different mixes of chromosomes
これが答えになる理由
In metaphase I, each homologous pair lines up with its maternal or paternal chromosome facing either pole by chance. So each gamete receives a random mix of maternal and paternal chromosomes.
答え
A · Homologous pairs line up randomly, so gametes get different mixes of chromosomes
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物
答え: B · Translation, because bacterial ribosomes differ from human ribosomes
これが答えになる理由
Ribosomes carry out translation. Bacterial ribosomes (70S) are smaller and differ in structure from human cytoplasmic ribosomes (80S), so some antibiotics can target them selectively.
答え
B · Translation, because bacterial ribosomes differ from human ribosomes
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: B · Acidosis
これが答えになる理由
A blood pH below 7.35 is acidosis, even though 7.25 is still above 7 on the pH scale. "Acidosis" means more acidic than normal for blood, not necessarily below pH 7.
答え
B · Acidosis
18.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: A · The mass of sugar, the type of sugar, the volume of water and the amount of stirring
これが答えになる理由
For a fair test, every factor except the independent variable (temperature) must be controlled. Otherwise a change in dissolving time could be caused by something else, such as more stirring or finer sugar.
答え
A · The mass of sugar, the type of sugar, the volume of water and the amount of stirring