訪問看護師が、2 時間 36 分で 130 マイル運転しました。平均の速さ v は時速何マイルですか?
130 mi2 h 36 min
v = mph
3.看護の計算と単位換算ふつう
練習問題(数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません)。 ある患者の身長は 4 ft 10 in です。1 ft = 12 in と 1 in = 2.54 cm を使って、身長 h をセンチメートルで、cm の整数に丸めて求めてください。
4 ft 10 in1 ft = 12 in1 in = 2.54 cm
h = cm
4.看護の計算と単位換算むずかしい
練習問題(数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません)。 ある点滴は 20 mcg/min を投与します。この投与速度 D を mg/h で表してください。
20 mcg/min1 h = 60 min1 mg = 1000 mcg
D = mg/h
5.読解(入学試験)ふつう
“The patient’s blood pressure was stable throughout the night, with every reading close to the one before.” What does “stable” mean here?
ANot changing much
BRising quickly
CGetting harder to read
DToo low to measure
6.読解(入学試験)むずかしい
The author writes: “Since the town banned plastic bags, litter on the beach has fallen. Therefore, the ban is the only reason the beach is cleaner.” What is the main weakness of this argument?
AOther changes may also have reduced the litter.
BThe author does not say who lives near the beach.
CThe author gives no date for the ban.
DPlastic bags are not really a type of beach litter.
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “She felt vertigo every time she stood up quickly.”
ABlurred vision
BTightness in the chest
CRinging in the ears
DA spinning sensation
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)むずかしい
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The tumour had metastasised to the liver.”
ABeen removed by surgery
BTurned into a cyst
CShrunk after treatment
DSpread from its original site
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the correct word: “All hospital ___ must complete the safety training.”
Apersonals
Bpersons’
Cpersonal
Dpersonnel
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)むずかしい
What is the function of the underlined clause? “What the doctor said surprised everyone.”
速さと縮尺:速さ = 距離 ÷ 時間で、時間は答えの単位にそろえます(2 h 15 min = 2.25 h。15 min = 15/60 h だからです)。地図の縮尺は比例です:地図上の 1 cm は地上の一定の距離を表すので、地図上の距離にそれを掛けます。
時間(時間単位)
2 + 36/60 = 2.6 h
速さ
v = 130/2.6 = 50 mph
答え
v = 50 mph
3.看護の計算と単位換算
答え: h = 147 cm
家庭用の計量と体重:看護の試験では丸めた換算値を使います。小さじ1(tsp)= 5 mL、大さじ1(tbsp)= 15 mL = 小さじ3、液量オンス1(fl oz)= 30 mL = 大さじ2、1カップ = 8 fl oz = 240 mL。体重は 1 kg = 2.2 lb、1 lb = 16 oz、長さは 1 インチ = 2.54 cm です。不要な単位が約分されて消えるように式を立ててください。
インチでの身長
4·12 + 10 = 58 in
インチからセンチメートルへ
h = 58·2.54 = 147.3 ≈ 147 cm
答え
h = 147 cm
4.看護の計算と単位換算
答え: D = 1.2 mg/h
次元解析:与えられた量を書き、それに分数で表した換算係数(例:60 min/1 h や 1 mg/1000 mcg)を掛けていきます。不要な単位が分子と分母に1回ずつ現れて約分されるようにします。求める単位だけが残ったら計算します。問題で与えられた換算値を使い、丸めるのは最終的な答えだけです。
換算の連鎖を立てる
D = 20 mcg/min × (60 min/1 h) × (1 mg/1000 mcg)
計算する
D = 20·60/1000 = 1.2 mg/h
答え
D = 1.2 mg/h
5.読解(入学試験)
答え: A · Not changing much
これが答えになる理由
Readings that stay close to each other show little change, so “stable” means steady or not changing much.
答え
A · Not changing much
6.読解(入学試験)
答え: A · Other changes may also have reduced the litter.
これが答えになる理由
The author jumps from “after” to “only because of”. Beach clean-ups, fewer visitors or other rules could also explain the change.
答え
A · Other changes may also have reduced the litter.
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: D · A spinning sensation
これが答えになる理由
Vertigo is a sensation that you or your surroundings are spinning.
答え
D · A spinning sensation
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: D · Spread from its original site
これが答えになる理由
To metastasise (US: metastasize) is for cancer to spread from where it started to another part of the body.
答え
D · Spread from its original site
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: D · personnel
これが答えになる理由
“Personnel” (stress on the last syllable) means the employees of an organisation. “Personal” is an adjective meaning private or belonging to one person.
答え
D · personnel
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: C · A noun clause acting as the subject
これが答えになる理由
The whole clause “What the doctor said” is the thing that surprised everyone, so it works as a noun and is the subject of “surprised”.