“Some people say that cats are unfriendly. My cat, Pepper, waits by the door every evening and sits on my lap while I read.” How does the writer use Pepper?
AAs proof that all cats are unfriendly
BAs a description of how to train a cat
CAs an example that goes against the claim
DAs a reason to buy a new cat
6.読解(入学試験)むずかしい
A clinic policy reads: “Patients more than 15 minutes late may be asked to rebook. Patients who call ahead to say they are running late will be seen if time allows.” A patient arrives 20 minutes late without calling. What is most likely to happen?
AThe patient may be asked to book another time.
BThe patient will be seen immediately.
CThe patient’s next visit will be cancelled.
DThe patient must pay a fine before leaving.
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient with chest pain showed marked diaphoresis.”
ABrief fainting
BViolent shivering
CRapid breathing
DHeavy sweating
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)むずかしい
Which word is the opposite of intrinsic?
AInternal
BEssential
CExtrinsic
DInnate
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the correct word form: “The nurse spoke with great ___.”
Aconfident
Bconfide
Cconfidence
Dconfidently
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)むずかしい
Choose the correct verb: “If you heat ice, it ___.”
Amelted
Bmelts
Cwould have melted
Dwould melt
11.人体解剖学ふつう
手首で脈をとるときに最もよく使う動脈はどれですか?
A尺骨動脈
B腋窩動脈
C上腕動脈
D橈骨動脈
12.人体解剖学むずかしい
大腿三角で、主な構造の外側から内側への並び順はどれですか?
A大腿動脈、大腿神経、大腿静脈
B大腿静脈、大腿動脈、大腿神経
C大腿神経、大腿静脈、大腿動脈
D大腿神経、大腿動脈、大腿静脈
13.人体生理学ふつう
典型的な神経の活動電位で、脱分極相を起こすために細胞内へ入るイオンはどれですか?
A塩化物(Cl⁻)
Bカリウム(K⁺)
Cカルシウム(Ca²⁺)
Dナトリウム(Na⁺)
14.人体生理学むずかしい
深く潜ったダイバーが急に浮上すると減圧症の危険があるのはなぜですか?
A圧力が下がると肺がつぶれるから
B高い圧力で溶けた窒素が、圧力が下がると気泡になるから
C水面では酸素が有毒になるから
D二酸化炭素が肺から十分速く出られないから
15.看護学校入学試験のための生物ふつう
Which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
ACellular respiration
BDecomposition
CPhotosynthesis
DBurning fossil fuels
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物むずかしい
In uncontrolled diabetes, glucose appears in the urine and the person passes large volumes of urine. What is the best explanation?
AGlucose in the kidney filtrate holds water by osmosis
BGlucose is broken down into water in the bladder
CInsulin makes the kidneys filter more blood
DGlucose makes the kidneys absorb more water
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学ふつう
密閉した硬い容器に入れた気体を加熱すると、圧力はどうなるか。
A下がる
B変わらない
C上がる
Dゼロになる
18.看護学校入学試験のための化学むずかしい
Equal masses of sand and water sit in the sun and absorb the same amount of heat. Which warms up more, and why?
AWater, because it has a higher specific heat capacity than sand
BSand, because it has a higher specific heat capacity than water
CSand, because it has a lower specific heat capacity than water
DBoth warm equally, because they absorbed the same heat
方程式を解く:x が単独になるまで、両辺に同じことをします。操作は逆の順に打ち消します:まず足し算か引き算、次に掛け算か割り算です。かっこは分配法則 a(x + b) = ax + ab で外し、x の項を片側に集めます。答えは代入して確かめます。
分配する
3x − 3 = 5x + 1
項をまとめる
-2x = 4
割る
x = 4/-2 = −2
答え
x = −2
3.看護の計算と単位換算
答え: T = 36.9 °C
温度:°C = (°F − 32) × 5/9、°F = °C × 9/5 + 32。°F から変換するときは、掛ける前に32を引きます。°C から変換するときは、掛けた後に32を足します。簡単な確認:37 °C は 98.6 °F で、1 °C ごとに 1.8 °F です。
32を引く
98.5 − 32 = 66.5
5/9を掛ける
T = 66.5·5/9 = 36.94 ≈ 36.9 °C
答え
T = 36.9 °C
4.看護の計算と単位換算
答え: c = 0.81 mg/dL
次元解析:与えられた量を書き、それに分数で表した換算係数(例:60 min/1 h や 1 mg/1000 mcg)を掛けていきます。不要な単位が分子と分母に1回ずつ現れて約分されるようにします。求める単位だけが残ったら計算します。問題で与えられた換算値を使い、丸めるのは最終的な答えだけです。
変換
c = 72/88.4 = 0.8145 ≈ 0.81 mg/dL
答え
c = 0.81 mg/dL
5.読解(入学試験)
答え: C · As an example that goes against the claim
これが答えになる理由
The writer describes a friendly cat to argue against the claim that cats are unfriendly. One cat cannot prove a general rule, but it serves as a counter-example.
答え
C · As an example that goes against the claim
6.読解(入学試験)
答え: A · The patient may be asked to book another time.
これが答えになる理由
The patient is more than 15 minutes late and did not call ahead, so the first rule applies: they may be asked to rebook. No fine or cancellation is mentioned.
答え
A · The patient may be asked to book another time.
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: D · Heavy sweating
これが答えになる理由
Diaphoresis means profuse sweating, a common sign during a heart attack.
答え
D · Heavy sweating
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: C · Extrinsic
これが答えになる理由
Intrinsic means coming from within, and extrinsic means coming from outside.
答え
C · Extrinsic
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: C · confidence
これが答えになる理由
“Confidence” is a noun and can follow the adjective “great”. “Confident” is an adjective, “confidently” an adverb and “confide” a verb.
答え
C · confidence
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: B · melts
これが答えになる理由
For general truths, the zero conditional uses the present tense in both clauses: “If you heat ice, it melts.”
Plants, algae and some bacteria take in CO₂ during photosynthesis and build it into sugars. Respiration, combustion and decomposition all release CO₂.
答え
C · Photosynthesis
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物
答え: A · Glucose in the kidney filtrate holds water by osmosis
これが答えになる理由
When blood glucose is very high, the kidneys cannot reabsorb all the glucose. The extra glucose in the filtrate lowers its water potential, so less water is reabsorbed and more urine is produced.
答え
A · Glucose in the kidney filtrate holds water by osmosis
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: C · 上がる
これが答えになる理由
体積が一定のとき、圧力は絶対温度に比例する(ゲイ=リュサックの法則)ため、加熱すると圧力が上がる。
答え
C · 上がる
18.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: C · Sand, because it has a lower specific heat capacity than water
これが答えになる理由
For the same energy and mass, the temperature rise is inversely related to specific heat. Water's specific heat is much higher than sand's, so the sand warms more. This is why beaches get hot faster than the sea.
答え
C · Sand, because it has a lower specific heat capacity than water