練習問題(数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません)。 ある患者が1勤務帯の間に ¼ カップ / お茶, 1 tbsp / 液体サプリメント, 1 fl oz / ジュース, 3 tsp / 咳止めシロップ を摂取しました。与えられた換算値を使って、経口摂取量の合計 V を mL で求めてください。
1 カップ = 8 fl oz = 240 mL1 tbsp = 15 mL1 fl oz = 30 mL1 tsp = 5 mL
V = mL
5.読解(入学試験)ふつう
“Every morning, Mr. Patel opened his bakery at 5 a.m. By 7 a.m., a line of customers stretched down the street.” What can you infer about the bakery?
AIt is popular with many customers.
BIt sells only one type of bread.
CIt is closing down soon.
DIt opens later than other shops.
6.読解(入学試験)むずかしい
A study abstract states: “Participants who drank green tea daily reported fewer colds. However, they also exercised more and smoked less than the other participants.” Why does the second sentence matter?
AIt means the study included no smokers in either of its groups.
BIt proves that green tea prevents colds.
COther differences between the groups might explain the result.
DIt shows that exercise causes colds.
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)ふつう
What does the abbreviation PRN mean on a medication order?
AEvery morning
BBefore meals
CBy mouth
DAs needed
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)むずかしい
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “His symptoms were intermittent.”
AGetting steadily worse
BConstant
CComing and going at intervals
DPresent only at night while lying down in bed
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)ふつう
Which sentence uses a comma correctly after an introductory word?
AYes the lab results are, back.
BYes, the lab results are back.
CYes the lab results, are back.
DYes the lab, results are back.
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)むずかしい
A student copies a sentence from a website without quotation marks but lists the site in the references. What is the problem?
AThere is no problem because the source is listed in the references.
BIt is only a problem if the copied sentence is very long.
CIt is still plagiarism because the exact words are not marked as a quotation.
DIt is only a problem in scientific papers, not in essays.
11.人体解剖学ふつう
主に協調運動と平衡を担う脳の部分はどこですか?
A視床
B視床下部
C延髄
D小脳
12.人体解剖学むずかしい
ビタミン B12 と胆汁酸塩が主に吸収されるのは小腸のどの部分ですか?
A盲腸
B十二指腸
C空腸
D回腸末端
13.人体生理学ふつう
ACTH に反応して副腎皮質が放出するホルモンはどれですか?
Aアドレナリン
Bコルチゾール
Cチロキシン
D主な反応としてのアルドステロン
14.人体生理学むずかしい
活動電位のイオン機構に関するホジキンとハクスリーの古典的研究では、どの標本が使われましたか?
Aイカの巨大軸索
B培養したヒトの皮質ニューロン
Cネコの脊髄
Dカエルの坐骨神経・筋標本
15.看護学校入学試験のための生物ふつう
Dolly the sheep was cloned by putting the nucleus of an adult body cell into an egg cell whose nucleus had been removed. Whose nuclear DNA did Dolly have?
AThe sheep that gave the egg cell
BThe sheep that gave the body cell nucleus
CAn equal mix of all three sheep
DThe sheep that carried the pregnancy
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物むずかしい
Bacteria from hot springs have enzymes that work best at about 80 °C, while most human enzymes work best near 37 °C. What is the best explanation?
ATheir enzymes are made of lipids, not proteins
BTheir enzymes have structures that stay stable at high temperatures
CTheir enzymes do not have an active site, so heat cannot affect them
DHigh temperature never affects any enzyme
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学ふつう
During digestion, large molecules are broken down by adding water across their bonds. What is this reaction called?
ACondensation
BHydrolysis
CCombustion
DPolymerisation
18.看護学校入学試験のための化学むずかしい
Ammonia (NH₃) has three bonding pairs and one lone pair on nitrogen. What is its shape?
家庭用の計量と体重:看護の試験では丸めた換算値を使います。小さじ1(tsp)= 5 mL、大さじ1(tbsp)= 15 mL = 小さじ3、液量オンス1(fl oz)= 30 mL = 大さじ2、1カップ = 8 fl oz = 240 mL。体重は 1 kg = 2.2 lb、1 lb = 16 oz、長さは 1 インチ = 2.54 cm です。不要な単位が約分されて消えるように式を立ててください。
各項目(mL)
¼ カップ = 0.25·240 = 60 mL
1 tbsp = 1·15 = 15 mL
1 fl oz = 1·30 = 30 mL
3 tsp = 3·5 = 15 mL
足す
V = 60 + 15 + 30 + 15 = 120 mL
答え
V = 120 mL
5.読解(入学試験)
答え: A · It is popular with many customers.
これが答えになる理由
A long line of customers each morning suggests that the bakery is popular. Nothing hints that it is closing or what it sells.
答え
A · It is popular with many customers.
6.読解(入学試験)
答え: C · Other differences between the groups might explain the result.
これが答えになる理由
The tea drinkers also differed in exercise and smoking, so these confounding factors could explain the fewer colds.
答え
C · Other differences between the groups might explain the result.
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: D · As needed
これが答えになる理由
PRN means the medication is given when needed, for example for pain, rather than at set times.
答え
D · As needed
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: C · Coming and going at intervals
これが答えになる理由
Intermittent means stopping and starting at intervals, not continuous.
答え
C · Coming and going at intervals
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: B · Yes, the lab results are back.
これが答えになる理由
An introductory word such as yes, no, well or however is followed by a comma. A comma should never split a subject from its verb.
答え
B · Yes, the lab results are back.
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: C · It is still plagiarism because the exact words are not marked as a quotation.
これが答えになる理由
Exact words from a source must be placed in quotation marks and cited. Listing the source without quotation marks still presents the wording as the student’s own.
答え
C · It is still plagiarism because the exact words are not marked as a quotation.
イカの巨大軸索は幅が最大約 1 mm あるため、電位固定の電極を差し込むことができました。これにより、ナトリウムの流入とカリウムの流出が活動電位を生じることが示されました。
答え
A · イカの巨大軸索
15.看護学校入学試験のための生物
答え: B · The sheep that gave the body cell nucleus
これが答えになる理由
In this method, called somatic cell nuclear transfer, the clone gets its nuclear DNA from the donor of the body cell. Only the small amount of mitochondrial DNA came from the egg.
答え
B · The sheep that gave the body cell nucleus
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物
答え: B · Their enzymes have structures that stay stable at high temperatures
これが答えになる理由
Each enzyme's optimum suits its environment. Enzymes from heat-loving microbes have extra bonds and interactions that keep their shape at high temperatures. One such enzyme is used in PCR.
答え
B · Their enzymes have structures that stay stable at high temperatures
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: B · Hydrolysis
これが答えになる理由
Hydrolysis uses water to break the bonds between monomers, as when enzymes break starch into glucose or proteins into amino acids. It is the reverse of condensation.
答え
B · Hydrolysis
18.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: D · Trigonal pyramidal
これが答えになる理由
The four electron pairs point roughly tetrahedrally, but shape is described by the atoms only. With one corner taken by a lone pair, the N and three H atoms form a pyramid.