練習問題(数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません)。 ある患者が1勤務帯の間に ½ fl oz / ジュース, ¼ カップ / お茶, 1 tbsp / 液体サプリメント, 1½ tsp / 咳止めシロップ を摂取しました。与えられた換算値を使って、経口摂取量の合計 V を mL で求めてください。
1 fl oz = 30 mL1 カップ = 8 fl oz = 240 mL1 tbsp = 15 mL1 tsp = 5 mL
V = mL
5.読解(入学試験)ふつう
“When the fire alarm sounded, the teacher calmly led the children down the stairs, counted them at the meeting point and reported that everyone was safe.” Which word best describes the teacher’s actions?
APanicked
BConfused and lost
COrganised
DCareless
6.読解(入学試験)むずかしい
A table shows hours of sleep and test scores for four students: Ali 5 h, 62%; Ben 6 h, 70%; Cara 8 h, 85%; Dev 9 h, 83%. Which statement is best supported?
ABen scored higher than Cara because he slept less.
BNine hours of sleep always gives the top score.
CHere, more sleep was mostly linked to higher scores.
DSleep has no connection at all with test scores.
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The headaches tend to recur in spring.”
ADisappear for good
BStart for the first time
CHappen again
DBecome milder
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)むずかしい
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The weakness was ipsilateral to the injury.”
AOn both sides
BAbove the injury
COn the same side
DOn the opposite side
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)ふつう
Which phrase uses a hyphen correctly with a prefix?
Amid July
Bmidd-July
Cmid-July
DmidJuly
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)むずかしい
Choose the correct verb: “If I ___ the answer, I would tell you.”
Awill know
Bknowed
Cknew
Dknow
11.人体解剖学ふつう
横隔膜を支配する神経はどれですか?
A副神経
B横隔神経
C迷走神経
D肋間神経
12.人体解剖学むずかしい
L4 と L5 の間の典型的な後外側椎間板ヘルニアで最もよく圧迫される神経根はどれですか?
AL5
BL4
CS1
DL3
13.人体生理学ふつう
体内の正のフィードバックの古典的な例はどれですか?
A体温が上がったときの発汗
B分娩中のオキシトシンの放出
C血漿浸透圧が上がったときの ADH の放出
D食後のインスリンの放出
14.人体生理学むずかしい
左室不全が肺水腫を起こすのはなぜですか?
A左房圧の上昇が肺毛細血管の静水圧を上げるから
B右室が肺に送る血液が減るから
C肺の血漿膠質浸透圧が急激に上がるから
D気管支動脈がふさがるから
15.看護学校入学試験のための生物ふつう
What is the job of the checkpoints in the cell cycle?
ATo join the two daughter cells back together
BTo stop the cycle if the DNA is damaged or the cell is not ready
CTo copy the DNA a second time before mitosis
DTo speed up division whenever the cell is short of nutrients or space
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物むずかしい
Five recovery times in days are 5, 6, 6, 7 and 30. Which value best describes a typical recovery time, and why?
AThe mean of 10.8, because it uses every value
BThe range of 25, because it shows the spread
CThe maximum of 30, because it shows the worst case
DThe median of 6, because the outlier pulls the mean up
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学ふつう
At STP (0 °C and 1 atm), what volume does 1 mole of an ideal gas occupy?
A22.4 L
B273 L
C6.02 L
D1.0 L
18.看護学校入学試験のための化学むずかしい
Element A has 1 valence electron and element B has 7 valence electrons, both in period 3. Which statement best compares them?
ABoth are metalloids
BBoth are unreactive because they are in the same period
CA is a reactive metal and B is a reactive nonmetal
温度:°C = (°F − 32) × 5/9、°F = °C × 9/5 + 32。°F から変換するときは、掛ける前に32を引きます。°C から変換するときは、掛けた後に32を足します。簡単な確認:37 °C は 98.6 °F で、1 °C ごとに 1.8 °F です。
32を引く
99.6 − 32 = 67.6
5/9を掛ける
T = 67.6·5/9 = 37.56 ≈ 37.6 °C
答え
T = 37.6 °C
4.看護の計算と単位換算
答え: V = 97.5 mL
家庭用の計量と体重:看護の試験では丸めた換算値を使います。小さじ1(tsp)= 5 mL、大さじ1(tbsp)= 15 mL = 小さじ3、液量オンス1(fl oz)= 30 mL = 大さじ2、1カップ = 8 fl oz = 240 mL。体重は 1 kg = 2.2 lb、1 lb = 16 oz、長さは 1 インチ = 2.54 cm です。不要な単位が約分されて消えるように式を立ててください。
各項目(mL)
½ fl oz = 0.5·30 = 15 mL
¼ カップ = 0.25·240 = 60 mL
1 tbsp = 1·15 = 15 mL
1½ tsp = 1.5·5 = 7.5 mL
足す
V = 15 + 60 + 15 + 7.5 = 97.5 mL
答え
V = 97.5 mL
5.読解(入学試験)
答え: C · Organised
これが答えになる理由
Calmly leading the class, counting the children and reporting shows the teacher acted in an organised way.
答え
C · Organised
6.読解(入学試験)
答え: C · Here, more sleep was mostly linked to higher scores.
これが答えになる理由
Scores mostly rise with sleep, but Dev slept most and scored slightly lower than Cara. So the link is general, not perfect, and four students cannot prove a rule.
答え
C · Here, more sleep was mostly linked to higher scores.
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: C · Happen again
これが答えになる理由
To recur is to occur again, often repeatedly.
答え
C · Happen again
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: C · On the same side
これが答えになる理由
Ipsilateral means on the same side of the body; contralateral means on the opposite side.
答え
C · On the same side
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: C · mid-July
これが答えになる理由
When a prefix comes before a proper noun, a hyphen joins them: mid-July, un-American, pre-1990.
答え
C · mid-July
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: C · knew
これが答えになる理由
An unreal present condition uses the past tense in the if-clause and “would” + base verb in the main clause: “If I knew, I would tell you.”
答え: B · To stop the cycle if the DNA is damaged or the cell is not ready
これが答えになる理由
Checkpoints check things such as DNA damage and correct spindle attachment. If there is a problem, the cycle pauses for repair or the cell undergoes apoptosis. Faulty checkpoints can lead to cancer.
答え
B · To stop the cycle if the DNA is damaged or the cell is not ready
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物
答え: D · The median of 6, because the outlier pulls the mean up
これが答えになる理由
The mean is (5 + 6 + 6 + 7 + 30) ÷ 5 = 10.8, which is higher than four of the five values because of the outlier. The median, 6, is less affected and better shows the typical value.
答え
D · The median of 6, because the outlier pulls the mean up
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: A · 22.4 L
これが答えになる理由
One mole of any ideal gas at 0 °C and 1 atm occupies 22.4 L, called the molar volume. It does not depend on which gas it is.
答え
A · 22.4 L
18.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: C · A is a reactive metal and B is a reactive nonmetal
これが答えになる理由
Period 3 with 1 valence electron is sodium, a reactive metal; with 7 it is chlorine, a reactive nonmetal. They react with each other to form the ionic compound NaCl.
答え
C · A is a reactive metal and B is a reactive nonmetal