練習問題(数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません)。 ある患者が1勤務帯の間に ½ tbsp / 液体サプリメント, ½ tsp / 咳止めシロップ, ¾ カップ / お茶, 4 fl oz / ジュース を摂取しました。与えられた換算値を使って、経口摂取量の合計 V を mL で求めてください。
1 tbsp = 15 mL1 tsp = 5 mL1 カップ = 8 fl oz = 240 mL1 fl oz = 30 mL
V = mL
5.読解(入学試験)ふつう
“Ella stared at the empty page. The essay was due in an hour, and she had written only her name.” How does Ella most likely feel?
AWorried
BRelaxed
CProud
DAmused
6.読解(入学試験)むずかしい
“The surgeon, who had performed the operation hundreds of times, still reviewed every step the night before.” What does this detail reveal about the surgeon?
AThe surgeon is careful despite great experience.
BThe surgeon has forgotten how to operate.
CThe surgeon is new and unsure of the procedure.
DThe surgeon now finds this operation dull and boring.
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The edges of the wound were necrotic.”
AHealing well and pink in colour
BProducing thick pus
CBleeding heavily
DMade up of dead tissue
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)むずかしい
Which word part means “kidney”?
Aoste/o
Brhin/o
Cren/o
Dhepat/o
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the correct word: “All hospital ___ must complete the safety training.”
Apersons’
Bpersonals
Cpersonnel
Dpersonal
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)むずかしい
Which choice correctly fixes the run-on sentence? “The patient was cold she asked for a blanket.”
AThe patient was cold, so she asked for a blanket.
BThe patient was cold; so, she asked for a blanket.
CThe patient was cold so, she asked for a blanket.
家庭用の計量と体重:看護の試験では丸めた換算値を使います。小さじ1(tsp)= 5 mL、大さじ1(tbsp)= 15 mL = 小さじ3、液量オンス1(fl oz)= 30 mL = 大さじ2、1カップ = 8 fl oz = 240 mL。体重は 1 kg = 2.2 lb、1 lb = 16 oz、長さは 1 インチ = 2.54 cm です。不要な単位が約分されて消えるように式を立ててください。
各項目(mL)
½ tbsp = 0.5·15 = 7.5 mL
½ tsp = 0.5·5 = 2.5 mL
¾ カップ = 0.75·240 = 180 mL
4 fl oz = 4·30 = 120 mL
足す
V = 7.5 + 2.5 + 180 + 120 = 310 mL
答え
V = 310 mL
5.読解(入学試験)
答え: A · Worried
これが答えになる理由
An essay due in one hour with only a name written would make most people anxious or worried.
答え
A · Worried
6.読解(入学試験)
答え: A · The surgeon is careful despite great experience.
これが答えになる理由
Reviewing every step even after hundreds of operations shows thoroughness and care. “Hundreds of times” rules out being new.
答え
A · The surgeon is careful despite great experience.
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: D · Made up of dead tissue
これが答えになる理由
Necrotic tissue is dead tissue, often black or grey, that may need to be removed.
答え
D · Made up of dead tissue
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: C · ren/o
これが答えになる理由
Ren/o (like nephr/o) means kidney. Rhin/o is nose, hepat/o liver and oste/o bone.
答え
C · ren/o
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: C · personnel
これが答えになる理由
“Personnel” (stress on the last syllable) means the employees of an organisation. “Personal” is an adjective meaning private or belonging to one person.
答え
C · personnel
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: A · The patient was cold, so she asked for a blanket.
これが答えになる理由
A uses a comma followed by the conjunction “so”. B is a comma splice, C puts the comma after “so” instead of before it, and D uses a semicolon with an unneeded comma.
答え
A · The patient was cold, so she asked for a blanket.
II 型肺胞上皮細胞がつくるサーファクタントは表面張力を下げるため、肺胞がつぶれず、肺が膨らみやすくなります。
答え
D · 肺胞の表面張力を下げること
14.人体生理学
答え: C · 肺
これが答えになる理由
レニン(腎臓)がアンジオテンシノーゲン(肝臓)をアンジオテンシン I に切断し、主に肺の毛細血管内皮にある ACE がそれをアンジオテンシン II に変換します。
答え
C · 肺
15.看護学校入学試験のための生物
答え: C · Lysosomes
これが答えになる理由
After a macrophage engulfs a bacterium, lysosomes fuse with the vesicle and their enzymes digest it. Cells that do a lot of digestion therefore have many lysosomes.
答え
C · Lysosomes
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物
答え: A · Glucose in the kidney filtrate holds water by osmosis
これが答えになる理由
When blood glucose is very high, the kidneys cannot reabsorb all the glucose. The extra glucose in the filtrate lowers its water potential, so less water is reabsorbed and more urine is produced.
答え
A · Glucose in the kidney filtrate holds water by osmosis
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: B · 1s² 2s² 2p⁴
これが答えになる理由
The 1s and 2s subshells hold 2 electrons each, leaving 4 for 2p: 1s² 2s² 2p⁴. The 6 electrons in the second shell are oxygen's valence electrons.
答え
B · 1s² 2s² 2p⁴
18.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: A · Low O₂ in tissues shifts it to the left, releasing oxygen
これが答えになる理由
In the lungs, high O₂ pushes the equilibrium right, loading haemoglobin. In active tissues O₂ is low, so the equilibrium shifts left and HbO₂ releases its oxygen.
答え
A · Low O₂ in tissues shifts it to the left, releasing oxygen