練習問題(数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません)。 ある点滴が 20:35 に始まり、翌朝の 02:35 に終了しました(24時間表記)。何時間 t 続きましたか。答えは時間の小数で、小数第2位に丸めてください。
20:3502:35
t = h
5.読解(入学試験)ふつう
“The lungs contain millions of tiny air sacs called alveoli. Here, oxygen passes into the blood, and carbon dioxide passes out to be breathed away.” What happens in the alveoli?
AAir is warmed before reaching the nose.
BOxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.
CFood is broken down into nutrients.
DBlood cells are made from bone marrow.
6.読解(入学試験)むずかしい
“When the reporter asked the mayor about the delayed bridge project, the mayor talked at length about the new park and the town’s low crime rate.” What does the mayor’s answer suggest?
AThe park and the bridge are the same project.
BThe mayor answered the question fully.
CThe mayor avoided the question.
DThe bridge project is already finished.
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the meaning of the words in bold: “The nurse recorded the patient’s intake and output.”
AMedicines given and refused
BCalories eaten and calories burned
CFluids taken in and fluids lost
DVisitors coming and going
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)むずかしい
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The wound edges were approximated with sutures.”
ABrought close together
BMeasured roughly
CCleaned thoroughly
DPulled apart
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)ふつう
What kind of sentence is this? “When the alarm rang, everyone left the building.”
AComplex
BRun-on
CSimple
DCompound
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)むずかしい
Which sentence uses the passive voice in the present progressive tense?
AThe patient is moving to a private room.
BThe nurses are moving the patient to a private room.
In the alveoli, oxygen moves into the blood and carbon dioxide moves out. This swap is called gas exchange.
答え
B · Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.
6.読解(入学試験)
答え: C · The mayor avoided the question.
これが答えになる理由
Speaking at length about other topics instead of the bridge suggests that the mayor was avoiding the question.
答え
C · The mayor avoided the question.
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: C · Fluids taken in and fluids lost
これが答えになる理由
Intake and output is the record of all fluids a patient takes in and all fluids they lose, such as urine; in the UK it is often kept on a fluid balance chart.
答え
C · Fluids taken in and fluids lost
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: A · Brought close together
これが答えになる理由
In medicine, to approximate wound edges is to bring them together so the wound can heal. In everyday use it can also mean “estimate”.
答え
A · Brought close together
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: A · Complex
これが答えになる理由
One independent clause plus one dependent clause (introduced by “when”) makes a complex sentence.
答え
A · Complex
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: C · The patient is being moved to a private room.
これが答えになる理由
“Is being moved” combines the progressive (is being) with the passive (moved), and the doer is not the subject. B and C are active, and D is passive but in the present perfect.
重症筋無力症では、自己抗体が機能するアセチルコリン受容体の数を減らします。アセチルコリンエステラーゼを阻害すると、残っている受容体に結合できる ACh が増えます。
答え
A · 神経筋接合部のアセチルコリン受容体に対する抗体
15.看護学校入学試験のための生物
答え: A · It is released unchanged and can be used again
これが答えになる理由
Enzymes are catalysts. The product leaves the active site, and the enzyme is free to bind another substrate molecule, so a small amount of enzyme can act on many molecules.
答え
A · It is released unchanged and can be used again
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物
答え: B · They have their own circular DNA, ribosomes and a double membrane
これが答えになる理由
The endosymbiotic theory is supported by mitochondria having circular DNA, bacteria-like ribosomes, a double membrane and division by a process like binary fission. Chloroplasts show the same features.
答え
B · They have their own circular DNA, ribosomes and a double membrane
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: A · Weak, temporary attractions caused by shifting electrons in molecules
これが答えになる理由
At any moment, electrons can be unevenly spread, creating a temporary dipole that induces dipoles in neighbours. These weak attractions are the only forces between nonpolar molecules and noble gas atoms.
答え
A · Weak, temporary attractions caused by shifting electrons in molecules