練習問題(数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません)。 処方箋に、経口懸濁液 1日2回 を 1 tsp、10 日間と書かれています。1 tsp = 5 mL を用いて、全期間に必要な mL V はいくつですか。
1 tsp1日2回10 日1 tsp = 5 mL
V = mL
5.読解(入学試験)ふつう
The patient education leaflet says: “Check your blood sugar before meals and at bedtime. Write each reading in your logbook and bring the logbook to every appointment.” Why does the leaflet ask patients to bring the logbook to appointments?
ASo the clinic can keep the logbook forever
BSo the patient remembers to eat meals
CSo the care team can review the readings
DSo the patient can show their handwriting
6.読解(入学試験)むずかしい
Paragraph 1 describes how tooth decay is caused by bacteria feeding on sugar. Paragraph 2 describes how fluoride makes teeth more resistant to acid. Paragraph 3 recommends brushing with fluoride toothpaste and limiting sugary snacks. How is the passage organised?
ACause and protection, then advice
BAn argument with two opposing sides
CA story told from start to finish
DA list of famous dentists in history
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient’s urine output was scant during the shift.”
ACloudy and strong-smelling
BVery small in amount
CMuch larger than normal
DVery dark in colour
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)むずかしい
What does the term cyanosis mean?
AA bluish colour of the skin
BA pale, white skin
CA red, flushed skin
DA yellow colour of the skin
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the correct preposition: “The nurse is responsible ___ the medication cart.”
Aof
Bfor
Cto
Dwith
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)むずかしい
Choose the correct verb for formal (especially American) English: “The policy requires that every visitor ___ a mask.”
Awear
Bwore
Cwearing
Dwears
11.人体解剖学ふつう
アドレナリンを分泌するのは副腎のどの部分ですか?
A副腎髄質
B網状帯
C束状帯
D球状帯
12.人体解剖学むずかしい
大きな大動脈弓動脈瘤のある患者に嗄声が生じました。最も圧迫されている可能性が高い神経はどれですか?
A右反回神経
B左反回神経
C上喉頭神経外枝
D左横隔神経
13.人体生理学ふつう
酸素解離曲線が S 字状になるのはなぜですか?
A高い分圧では酸素が血漿によく溶けるから
B赤血球が酸素を取り込むと大きさが変わるから
Cヘモグロビンは 1 分子の酸素しか結合できないから
D1 つの酸素が結合すると、次の酸素が結合しやすくなるから
14.人体生理学むずかしい
発熱の始まりに、体温が上がっているのに患者が震えて寒気を感じます。なぜですか?
A発熱物質が視床下部の設定値を現在の体温より高く上げるから
B体が熱を産生する能力を失ったから
C発汗ですでに体が冷えすぎたから
D皮膚の温度受容器が破壊されるから
15.看護学校入学試験のための生物ふつう
The results of an experiment do not support the hypothesis. What should the scientist do next?
AChange the data so they fit the hypothesis
BReport that the hypothesis was proven correct
CStop doing any further research on the question
DRevise the hypothesis and test it again
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物むずかしい
How does a phospholipid differ from a triglyceride?
AIt contains no glycerol, only fatty acids and phosphate
BOne of the fatty acids is replaced by a phosphate group
CIt has four fatty acids instead of three
DIt is made of amino acids
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学ふつう
Uranium-235 and uranium-238 both have 92 protons. How many more neutrons does an atom of uranium-238 have?
A3
B92
C0
D146
18.看護学校入学試験のための化学むずかしい
グルコースC₆H₁₂O₆ の 1 分子には、原子がいくつあるか。
A24
B18
C72
D3
3溶液
1.看護学校入学準備の数学(入学試験)
答え: x = 32 カップ
単位の換算:1 に等しい係数を、元の単位が消えるように書いて掛けます:3 ft × 12 in/1 ft = 36 in。メートル法の長さ:1 km = 1000 m、1 m = 100 cm = 1000 mm、1 cm = 10 mm。米国の慣用単位:1 ft = 12 in、1 yd = 3 ft、1 mi = 5280 ft、1 gal = 4 qt、1 qt = 2 pt、1 pt = 2 cups、1 ton = 2000 lb。時間:1 h = 60 min、1 min = 60 s、1 day = 24 h、1 week = 7 days。小さい単位で表すと、数は大きくなります。
次元解析:与えられた量を書き、それに分数で表した換算係数(例:60 min/1 h や 1 mg/1000 mcg)を掛けていきます。不要な単位が分子と分母に1回ずつ現れて約分されるようにします。求める単位だけが残ったら計算します。問題で与えられた換算値を使い、丸めるのは最終的な答えだけです。
1 回あたりの容量
1 tsp = 1·5 = 5 mL
全投与期間
V = 5 mL × 2/日 × 10 = 100 mL
答え
V = 100 mL
5.読解(入学試験)
答え: C · So the care team can review the readings
これが答えになる理由
Bringing the logbook lets the care team look at the pattern of readings and adjust the care. This is an inference from the instructions.
答え
C · So the care team can review the readings
6.読解(入学試験)
答え: A · Cause and protection, then advice
これが答えになる理由
The passage explains a cause (bacteria and sugar), a protection (fluoride) and then gives recommendations based on both.
答え
A · Cause and protection, then advice
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: B · Very small in amount
これが答えになる理由
Scant means barely enough or very little.
答え
B · Very small in amount
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: A · A bluish colour of the skin
これが答えになる理由
Cyan/o means blue and -osis means condition. Cyanosis is bluish skin from low oxygen. Yellow skin is jaundice.
答え
A · A bluish colour of the skin
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: B · for
これが答えになる理由
The fixed expression is “responsible for” something. “Responsible to” is used for the person you report to.
答え
B · for
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: A · wear
これが答えになる理由
The subjunctive uses the base form of the verb, even with a singular subject: “that every visitor wear”. British English often uses “should wear” instead, but US-style exams expect the subjunctive.
Results that do not support a hypothesis are reported honestly. The scientist then revises the hypothesis or forms a new one and designs further tests.
答え
D · Revise the hypothesis and test it again
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物
答え: B · One of the fatty acids is replaced by a phosphate group
これが答えになる理由
A triglyceride has glycerol and three fatty acids. In a phospholipid, one fatty acid is replaced by a phosphate-containing group, giving a hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails.
答え
B · One of the fatty acids is replaced by a phosphate group
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: A · 3
これが答えになる理由
Both isotopes have 92 protons, so the 3-unit difference in mass number is all neutrons: U-235 has 143 and U-238 has 146.