練習問題(数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません)。 ある点滴が 23:55 に始まり、翌朝の 00:25 に終了しました(24時間表記)。何時間 t 続きましたか。答えは時間の小数で、小数第2位に丸めてください。
23:5500:25
t = h
5.読解(入学試験)ふつう
“The lungs contain millions of tiny air sacs called alveoli. Here, oxygen passes into the blood, and carbon dioxide passes out to be breathed away.” What happens in the alveoli?
AAir is warmed before reaching the nose.
BBlood cells are made from bone marrow.
CFood is broken down into nutrients.
DOxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.
6.読解(入学試験)むずかしい
“At first, the villagers laughed at Ana’s plan to plant trees on the bare hillside. Ten years later, the forest she started prevented a landslide that would have buried the village.” What is the main theme?
AVillagers should never laugh at the plans of strangers.
BPlanting trees is a quick way to get rich.
CPatient effort can prove its worth over time.
DLandslides are common in mountain villages.
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “Older adults have a higher incidence of falls.”
ARate of occurrence
BCause
CFear of falling
DTreatment
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)むずかしい
Which word means “a surgical puncture of the chest wall to remove fluid”?
AParacentesis
BThoracentesis
CPericardiocentesis
DThoracotomy
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the correct verb: “The list of required vaccines ___ posted on the wall.”
Aare
Bis
Cwere
Dhave been
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)むずかしい
Which sentence uses the pronoun “one” consistently?
AOne should check your work before submitting it.
BYou should check one’s work before submitting it.
COne should check one’s work before submitting it.
DOne should check their work before you submit it.
11.人体解剖学ふつう
アドレナリンを分泌するのは副腎のどの部分ですか?
A球状帯
B網状帯
C束状帯
D副腎髄質
12.人体解剖学むずかしい
腰椎穿刺で、針が硬膜外腔に入る前に最後に貫く靭帯はどれですか?
A棘上靭帯
B棘間靭帯
C後縦靭帯
D黄色靭帯
13.人体生理学ふつう
心周期のどの相で、4 つの心臓弁がすべて閉じたまま心室内圧が上昇しますか?
A心房収縮期
B等容性収縮期
C急速駆出期
D急速充満期
14.人体生理学むずかしい
心室が心房と同時に収縮しない主な理由は何ですか?
A房室結節で伝導が遅れるから
B心室の不応期が長いだけだから
Cプルキンエ線維の伝導が遅いから
D洞房結節が 1 拍ごとに 2 回発火するから
15.看護学校入学試験のための生物ふつう
A woman with blood type O has a child with a man of type AB. Which blood types can their children have?
AA, B, AB or O
BA or B
CO only
DO or AB
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物むずかしい
減数分裂のとき、1 対の染色体が分離しなかった。何が起こりうるか。
A各染色体の遺伝子がちょうど 2 倍になった配偶子ができる
B染色体が 1 本多い、または 1 本足りない配偶子ができる
CDNAをまったく含まない配偶子ができる
D親細胞と遺伝的に同一の配偶子ができる
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学ふつう
What charge do group 16 elements such as oxygen and sulfur usually have as ions?
A1−
B2+
C2−
D6+
18.看護学校入学試験のための化学むずかしい
In terms of bonds, why is a reaction exothermic?
ANo bonds are broken in exothermic reactions
BMore energy is absorbed breaking old bonds than is released forming new ones
CForming bonds always absorbs energy
DMore energy is released forming new bonds than is absorbed breaking old ones
In the alveoli, oxygen moves into the blood and carbon dioxide moves out. This swap is called gas exchange.
答え
D · Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.
6.読解(入学試験)
答え: C · Patient effort can prove its worth over time.
これが答えになる理由
Ana’s plan was mocked, but years later it saved the village. The theme is that long-term effort can prove valuable.
答え
C · Patient effort can prove its worth over time.
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: A · Rate of occurrence
これが答えになる理由
Incidence is how often something occurs, especially the number of new cases in a period.
答え
A · Rate of occurrence
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: B · Thoracentesis
これが答えになる理由
Thoracentesis (in the UK also called thoracocentesis or pleural aspiration) removes fluid from the pleural space; a thoracotomy is an incision into the chest.
答え
B · Thoracentesis
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: B · is
これが答えになる理由
The subject is “list” (singular); “of required vaccines” is a prepositional phrase. So the verb is singular: is.
答え
B · is
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: C · One should check one’s work before submitting it.
これが答えになる理由
A keeps the third-person pronoun “one” throughout. The other sentences shift between “one” and “you”.
答え
C · One should check one’s work before submitting it.
房室結節はゆっくり伝導する(約 0.1 s の遅れ)ので、心室の脱分極が始まる前に心房収縮が心室充満を完了させます。
答え
A · 房室結節で伝導が遅れるから
15.看護学校入学試験のための生物
答え: B · A or B
これが答えになる理由
The mother is ii and the father is IᴬIᴮ. Children are either Iᴬi (type A) or Iᴮi (type B). None can be type O or type AB.
答え
B · A or B
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物
答え: B · 染色体が 1 本多い、または 1 本足りない配偶子ができる
これが答えになる理由
不分離により、染色体数が n + 1 または n − 1 の配偶子ができる。受精すると、21トリソミー(ダウン症候群)のようなトリソミーになりうる。
答え
B · 染色体が 1 本多い、または 1 本足りない配偶子ができる
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: C · 2−
これが答えになる理由
Group 16 atoms have 6 valence electrons and gain 2 to reach 8, forming ions such as O²⁻ (oxide) and S²⁻ (sulfide).
答え
C · 2−
18.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: D · More energy is released forming new bonds than is absorbed breaking old ones
これが答えになる理由
Breaking bonds is always endothermic and forming bonds is always exothermic. If the bonds formed release more energy than the bonds broken required, the overall reaction releases energy.
答え
D · More energy is released forming new bonds than is absorbed breaking old ones