“The bridge was closed for repairs. As a result, drivers had to take a longer route into the city.” What relationship does “As a result” show?
ACause and effect
BContrast
CTime order or sequence
DComparison
6.読解(入学試験)むずかしい
The writer argues: “We should not build the new road. It will destroy the old forest, and the traffic it saves will last only until more cars fill it.” Which piece of evidence would most strengthen the writer’s argument?
AStudies showing new roads often fill with more traffic
BA report that the forest is rarely visited
CA survey showing most people own a car
DA map showing where the new road would go
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “On a busy shift the nurse must prioritise patient care.”
APut off tasks until later
BWrite down everything that has been done
CDecide what is most important first
DHand tasks over to others
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)むずかしい
Which word means “a doctor who specialises in the care of children”?
APaediatrician
BPodiatrist
CGeriatrician
DObstetrician
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)ふつう
Which sentence avoids an unnecessary comma?
AThe patient in room 4, needs a new IV bag.
BThe patient, in room 4 needs a new IV bag.
CThe patient in room 4 needs a new IV bag.
DThe patient in room, 4 needs a new IV bag.
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)むずかしい
Which sentence uses the present perfect correctly?
AI have visit Paris twice.
BI have visited Paris last year.
CI visited Paris since 2020.
DI have visited Paris twice.
11.人体解剖学ふつう
脳底部のウィリス動脈輪は、どの 2 つの動脈系をつないでいますか?
A左右の外頸動脈
B内頸動脈系と椎骨脳底動脈系
C外頸動脈系と鎖骨下動脈系
D頸静脈系と椎骨系
12.人体解剖学むずかしい
転位のある大腿骨頸部骨折で、大腿骨頭の無腐性壊死のリスクが高いのはなぜですか?
A内側大腿回旋動脈の支帯枝が断裂するため
B血流を調節する坐骨神経が損傷されるため
C大腿静脈が閉塞してうっ血が起こるため
D大腿動脈の本幹が切断されるため
13.人体生理学ふつう
グルカゴンはどのように血糖を上げますか?
A肝臓でのグリコーゲン分解と糖新生を刺激する
B腸からのブドウ糖の吸収を遅くする
C筋肉でのブドウ糖の取り込みを刺激する
D脂肪細胞のインスリン受容体を遮断する
14.人体生理学むずかしい
高地で数日から数週間かけて起こる適応はどれですか?
Aエリスロポエチン濃度の上昇と赤血球の増加
B酸素を節約するための換気の減少
C腎臓での重炭酸の保持の増加
Dヘマトクリットの低下
15.看護学校入学試験のための生物ふつう
What is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration?
AIt breaks pyruvate into lactic acid
BIt accepts electrons at the end of the transport chain
CIt is built into glucose molecules
DIt is split to release the energy needed for glycolysis
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物むずかしい
A plant cell is placed in a strong salt solution. Its membrane and cytoplasm pull away from the cell wall. What is this called?
ATurgor
BPlasmolysis
CLysis
DCrenation
17.看護学校入学試験のための化学ふつう
氷水の氷が融けている間、温度はどうなるか。
A0 °C より下がる
Bその間ずっと着実に上がる
Cすべての氷が融けるまで 0 °C のままである
Dすぐに 100 °C まで上がる
18.看護学校入学試験のための化学むずかしい
An isotope has a half-life of 8 days. How long does it take for 100 g to decay to 12.5 g?
A32 days
B24 days
C16 days
D64 days
3溶液
1.看護学校入学準備の数学(入学試験)
答え: x = 40
比と比例:比 a : b は 2 つの量を比べます。比例式では 2 つの比が等しく、a/b = c/d で、たすき掛け a·d = b·c で解きます。ある量を比 m : n で分けるには、m + n 個の等しい部分に分け、一方の取り分は m 個分、もう一方は n 個分です。
1 つ分
16/2 = 8
助手
x = 5 × 8 = 40
答え
x = 40
2.看護学校入学準備の数学(入学試験)
答え: x = 25 カップ
比と比例:比 a : b は 2 つの量を比べます。比例式では 2 つの比が等しく、a/b = c/d で、たすき掛け a·d = b·c で解きます。ある量を比 m : n で分けるには、m + n 個の等しい部分に分け、一方の取り分は m 個分、もう一方は n 個分です。
比例式
5/2 = x/10
たすき掛けをして解く
2·x = 50
x = 50/2 = 25 カップ
答え
x = 25 カップ
3.看護の計算と単位換算
答え: T = 35.8 °C
温度:°C = (°F − 32) × 5/9、°F = °C × 9/5 + 32。°F から変換するときは、掛ける前に32を引きます。°C から変換するときは、掛けた後に32を足します。簡単な確認:37 °C は 98.6 °F で、1 °C ごとに 1.8 °F です。
32を引く
96.4 − 32 = 64.4
5/9を掛ける
T = 64.4·5/9 = 35.78 ≈ 35.8 °C
答え
T = 35.8 °C
4.看護の計算と単位換算
答え: c = 3.08 mg/dL
次元解析:与えられた量を書き、それに分数で表した換算係数(例:60 min/1 h や 1 mg/1000 mcg)を掛けていきます。不要な単位が分子と分母に1回ずつ現れて約分されるようにします。求める単位だけが残ったら計算します。問題で与えられた換算値を使い、丸めるのは最終的な答えだけです。
変換
c = 272/88.4 = 3.077 ≈ 3.08 mg/dL
答え
c = 3.08 mg/dL
5.読解(入学試験)
答え: A · Cause and effect
これが答えになる理由
“As a result” signals that the second sentence is an effect of the first: the bridge closure caused the longer route.
答え
A · Cause and effect
6.読解(入学試験)
答え: A · Studies showing new roads often fill with more traffic
これが答えになる理由
Evidence that new roads tend to attract more traffic directly supports the writer’s claim that any time saved would not last. A forest that few people visit would, if anything, weaken the case.
答え
A · Studies showing new roads often fill with more traffic
7.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: C · Decide what is most important first
これが答えになる理由
To prioritise (US: prioritize) is to arrange tasks in order of importance and deal with the most urgent first.
答え
C · Decide what is most important first
8.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: A · Paediatrician
これが答えになる理由
A paediatrician (US: pediatrician) treats children; a geriatrician treats older adults.
答え
A · Paediatrician
9.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: C · The patient in room 4 needs a new IV bag.
これが答えになる理由
“The patient in room 4” is the full subject, and nothing should separate it from the verb “needs”.
答え
C · The patient in room 4 needs a new IV bag.
10.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: D · I have visited Paris twice.
これが答えになる理由
The present perfect (have + past participle) is used for experiences with no specific finished time. A finished time like “last year” needs the simple past, and “since” needs the present perfect.
答え: B · It accepts electrons at the end of the transport chain
これが答えになる理由
Oxygen is the final electron acceptor. It combines with electrons and hydrogen ions to form water. Without oxygen the chain stops, and the cell must rely on glycolysis and fermentation.
答え
B · It accepts electrons at the end of the transport chain
16.看護学校入学試験のための生物
答え: B · Plasmolysis
これが答えになる理由
Plasmolysis is the shrinking of the cytoplasm away from the wall of a plant cell as water leaves by osmosis. Crenation is the shrinking of an animal cell, lysis is bursting, and turgor is the pressure of a full cell.