公式集、全トピックの解法の要点、6 問の演習問題。完全な解答は巻末にあります。
A nurse who never had BCG vaccine has a positive tuberculin skin test for the first time. The chest x-ray is clear and there are no symptoms. What does this most likely mean?
Which patient with a suspected infection meets the qSOFA criteria that signal a higher risk of a poor outcome?
Which nursing record entry is the best example of objective documentation?
A patient has a generalised tonic-clonic seizure in bed. What should the nurse do?
MRSA がメチシリンに耐性なのは、何を持っているからですか？
自家製の野菜の缶詰を食べた後、患者に複視、嚥下困難、下行性の弛緩性麻痺が起こりました。最も可能性が高い原因は何ですか？
答え: D · Latent TB infection, which is not contagious
A positive skin test with no symptoms and a normal chest x-ray suggests latent TB infection. The person cannot spread TB but should be evaluated for treatment to prevent active disease later.
答え: B · Respiratory rate 24/min, new confusion, systolic BP 95 mmHg
qSOFA scores one point each for a respiratory rate of 22/min or more, altered mental status and a systolic BP of 100 mmHg or less. Two or more points mean higher risk, so the first patient needs urgent escalation.
答え: C · "Ate half of lunch; drank 200 mL of water."
Objective entries describe what was observed or measured. Vague or judgemental phrases such as "good" or "as usual" cannot be checked or compared.
答え: D · Protect the head, move objects away, time it and do not restrain
During a seizure the nurse keeps the patient safe, notes the time and the features, and never puts anything in the mouth. Afterwards the patient is placed in the recovery position and the airway checked.
答え: B · 変化したペニシリン結合タンパク質（PBP2a）
mecA 遺伝子は β-ラクタム系への親和性が低い PBP2a をコードしているため、メチシリンがあっても細菌は細胞壁を作り続けられます。
答え: B · アセチルコリンの放出を阻害するボツリヌス毒素
Clostridium botulinum は不十分な処理の低酸性缶詰食品の中で増え、ボツリヌス毒素を作ることがあります。毒素は神経終末でのアセチルコリン放出を阻害し、下行性の弛緩性麻痺を起こします。
ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/infection-control-and-patient-safety