感染管理と患者の安全：直前対策パック

Which measure is part of the bundle for inserting a central venous catheter to prevent bloodstream infection?

1. AChlorhexidine-alcohol skin antisepsis and maximal sterile barrier precautions
2. BChoosing the femoral vein as the first site in adults
3. CRoutine replacement of the catheter on a fixed schedule, such as every three days
4. DGiving antibiotics to every patient before insertion

A nurse has a needlestick from a patient with hepatitis B. The nurse finished the vaccine series and has a documented protective antibody level. Which statement is correct?

1. AThe nurse must stop all patient care for six months
2. BNo hepatitis B treatment is needed, but the injury is still reported and followed up
3. CHepatitis B immune globulin and a complete new vaccine series are both needed at once
4. DNo reporting is needed because the nurse is immune

Which adverse effect is a particular risk with NSAIDs such as ibuprofen?

1. ALow blood sugar
2. BStomach irritation and bleeding
3. CBreathing slowing down
4. DSevere constipation that lasts for weeks

During medicines reconciliation, the patient says they take an anticoagulant at home, but it has not been prescribed in hospital. What should the nurse do?

1. AIgnore it, as the hospital doctor knows best
2. BGive the patient's own supply without telling anyone
3. CTell the patient to stop it for good
4. DInform the prescriber so the omission can be reviewed

進行した HIV 感染者に起こる Pneumocystis jirovecii 肺炎は何の例ですか？

1. A日和見感染症
2. B食品媒介感染症
3. Cベクター媒介感染症
4. D人獣共通感染症

HIV などのレトロウイルスは、どのように自分のゲノムを宿主の DNA に写しますか？

1. A宿主の RNA ポリメラーゼがウイルス DNA を直接コピーする
2. B宿主の DNA ポリメラーゼが助けなしに RNA をコピーする
3. Cリボソームがウイルス RNA を DNA に翻訳する
4. D逆転写酵素がウイルス RNA から DNA を作り、インテグラーゼがそれを組み込む