精神看護学:直前対策パック

公式集、全トピックの解法の要点、6 問の演習問題。完全な解答は巻末にあります。

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1公式と解法

精神看護

解き方

  1. 差し迫ったリスクがあるかを判断します:自殺、暴力、薬物による緊急事態、身体疾患。
  2. まず安全を確保します:観察する、手段を取り除く、鎮静化(デエスカレーション)を図る、有害な薬を中止する、助けを呼ぶ。
  3. 治療的な応答を選びます:感情を受け止め、現実を伝え、根拠のない安心づけや「なぜ」という質問は避けます。
  4. 権利を尊重します:最も制限の少ない方法、同意、そして限界のある守秘義務。

2演習問題

1.精神看護ふつう

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which patient need should a nurse on a mental health ward address first?

  1. AA patient who wants to find a new hobby
  2. BA patient who has not eaten or drunk anything for two days
  3. CA patient who feels lonely and wants more visitors
  4. DA patient who wants to improve her self-esteem
2.精神看護むずかしい

On the fourth day after giving birth, a mother is tearful and moody but is caring for her baby, eating and sleeping when she can. What is the most appropriate nursing response?

  1. ATell her that antidepressants must be started at once
  2. BExplain that these "baby blues" are common, offer support and advise her to seek help if they last more than about 2 weeks
  3. CArrange an emergency psychiatric admission today
  4. DAdvise her to stop breastfeeding and let others feed the baby at night so that she can rest and recover
3.臨床心理学ふつう

自殺リスクの評価で、将来の自殺企図を最も強く予測する要因の 1 つはどれですか?

  1. A過去の自殺企図
  2. Bセラピストに率直に話すこと
  3. C大学生であること
  4. D友人が多いこと
4.臨床心理学むずかしい

22 歳の人に 2 か月間幻覚と妄想があり、その後完全に消失しました。気分エピソードはありませんでした。最も当てはまる診断はどれですか?

  1. A統合失調症様障害
  2. B統合失調症
  3. C統合失調感情障害
  4. D短期精神病性障害
5.薬理学ふつう

Benzathine benzylpenicillin (penicillin G benzathine) is ordered. Which route is correct?

  1. ASubcutaneous in the abdomen
  2. BIntravenous push
  3. CDeep intramuscular only
  4. DIntravenous infusion over 30 minutes
6.薬理学むずかしい

A patient with epilepsy needs pain relief. Why is tramadol used with caution?

  1. AIt speeds up the metabolism of all antiepileptic drugs
  2. BIt always causes respiratory arrest in epilepsy
  3. CIt causes a sharp rise in blood glucose
  4. DIt lowers the seizure threshold

3溶液

1.精神看護

答え: B · A patient who has not eaten or drunk anything for two days

これが答えになる理由

Maslow places physiological needs, such as food and fluids, before safety, love and belonging, esteem and self-actualisation. A patient who is not eating or drinking has the most basic unmet need.

答え

B · A patient who has not eaten or drunk anything for two days
2.精神看護

答え: B · Explain that these "baby blues" are common, offer support and advise her to seek help if they last more than about 2 weeks

これが答えになる理由

Baby blues are common in the first days after birth and usually resolve within 2 weeks. Symptoms that last longer or are severe may indicate postpartum depression and need assessment.

答え

B · Explain that these "baby blues" are common, offer support and advise her to seek help if they last more than about 2 weeks
3.臨床心理学

答え: A · 過去の自殺企図

これが答えになる理由

自殺企図の既往は最も強い危険因子の 1 つです。自殺念慮について直接尋ねてもリスクは高まらず、それは適切な評価の一部です。

答え

A · 過去の自殺企図
4.臨床心理学

答え: A · 統合失調症様障害

これが答えになる理由

統合失調症様障害は統合失調症の症状をもちますが、持続期間は 1 か月から 6 か月です。期間が、短期精神病性障害や統合失調症と区別する主な特徴です。

答え

A · 統合失調症様障害
5.薬理学

答え: C · Deep intramuscular only

これが答えになる理由

Benzathine penicillin is a depot suspension given deep IM. Accidental intravenous injection can cause cardiorespiratory arrest and death.

答え

C · Deep intramuscular only
6.薬理学

答え: D · It lowers the seizure threshold

これが答えになる理由

Tramadol can cause seizures, especially at high doses or with other drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Its serotonergic action also raises the risk of serotonin syndrome.

答え

D · It lowers the seizure threshold

ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/mental-health-nursing