NCLEX-PN 形式の練習問題（LPN/LVN）：直前対策パック

What is a portable bladder scanner used for?

1. ADetecting kidney stones
2. BTaking a sterile sample of urine for culture without a catheter
3. CChecking the urine for blood and protein
4. DMeasuring how much urine is in the bladder without a catheter

Five days after hip surgery, a patient suddenly becomes breathless with sharp chest pain and a fast heart rate. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA chest infection developing slowly
2. BA pulmonary embolism
3. CAnxiety about going home
4. DNormal recovery after hip surgery

A nurse finds an unlabeled syringe of clear fluid on the medication counter. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive it to the patient whose medication is due
2. BDiscard it, because its contents cannot be confirmed
3. CAsk nearby staff and use it if someone recognizes it
4. DLabel it with the most likely drug name

A nurse finds an unknown liquid leaking from a container in the utility room, with a strong smell. What should the nurse do first?

1. ALeave the area, keep others out and alert the trained response team
2. BPour water over it to dilute it
3. CMove closer and smell it carefully to identify what the substance is
4. DMop it up with paper towels

A nasogastric tube has just been placed for feeding. What must happen before the first feed is given?

1. APlacement is confirmed by an approved method
2. BThe patient is asked if the tube feels comfortable
3. CThe feed is started slowly to see if the patient coughs
4. DThe tube is flushed with a large volume of water

A patient with major depression has been withdrawn for weeks but is suddenly calm and cheerful and gives away her belongings. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA raised risk of suicide, because she may have made a decision
2. BA side effect of her antidepressant medicine that needs no special action
3. CThat she is getting ready for discharge as planned
4. DA full recovery, so observation can be reduced

慢性腎臓病の患者が食事で通常制限すべきものは？

1. Aビタミン C と食物繊維
2. B炭水化物を完全に
3. Cカリウムとリン
4. D水溶性ビタミンだけ

A patient with a central venous catheter develops fever and rigors shortly after the line is flushed, with no other obvious source. What should be suspected?

1. ANormal response to line use
2. BA catheter-related bloodstream infection
3. CAn allergic reaction to the saline flush
4. DA pulmonary embolism

A patient starts lisinopril (an ACE inhibitor). Which laboratory values should the nurse expect to be monitored?

1. ACalcium and phosphate
2. BTSH and free T₄
3. CALT and bilirubin
4. DPotassium and creatinine

4 つの検査結果が届きました。看護師が最初に対応すべきものはどれですか？

1. A糖尿病患者の食後血糖 140 mg/dL（7.8 mmol/L）
2. B慢性腎臓病患者のヘモグロビン 11.8 g/dL（118 g/L）
3. C新たな筋力低下がある CKD 患者のカリウム 6.6 mEq/L
4. D昨日肺炎で入院した患者のナトリウム 137 mEq/L

A patient receiving chemotherapy has a very low neutrophil count and is going home. Which teaching is most important?

1. AEat plenty of raw shellfish to boost protein
2. BExercise in crowded gyms to build strength
3. CTake paracetamol regularly so that fevers do not show
4. DReport a temperature of 38 °C (100.4 °F) or higher straight away

Why is vincristine labelled "for intravenous use only – fatal if given by other routes"?

1. AIntramuscular injection causes severe and prolonged hypoglycaemia
2. BOral vincristine causes immediate anaphylaxis
3. CSubcutaneous injection makes the drug inactive
4. DAccidental intrathecal injection causes fatal ascending neurotoxicity

A patient takes both digoxin and furosemide. Why does the nurse watch the potassium level closely?

1. APotassium has no link with either medicine
2. BLow potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity
3. CHigh potassium is the main effect of furosemide
4. DLow potassium makes digoxin stop working completely

A patient with a stab wound to the chest has a hole that sucks air with each breath. What is the immediate management?

1. APack the wound tightly with gauze pushed deep into the chest
2. BCover it with a vented chest seal or a dressing taped on three sides
3. CSeal it completely with tape on all four sides and leave it alone
4. DLeave it open and give a nebuliser

Which symptoms are typical of hypokalaemia?

1. AMuscle weakness, cramps and palpitations
2. BHeat intolerance and weight loss
3. CExcess thirst and very high glucose
4. DTingling lips and facial twitching

The nurse has four urology patients. Which one needs to be seen first?

1. AA patient with stress incontinence asking about pelvic floor exercises
2. BA patient with a nephrostomy who has rigors and a BP of 86/50 mmHg
3. CA patient after TURP with light pink drainage and mild discomfort
4. DA patient with a suprapubic catheter due for a routine change

During the first infusion of a monoclonal antibody such as rituximab, which problem is most important to watch for?

1. AA rise in platelet count above normal
2. BAn infusion reaction, such as fever, rigors or breathlessness
3. CSudden hair loss during the infusion
4. DSevere constipation within the first hour of starting the infusion

At the end of an operation, the final count shows one swab missing. What should happen?

1. ATell the surgeon, search, and X-ray if it is not found
2. BLet the patient leave and search the theatre later
3. CClose the wound, as the swab was probably thrown away
4. DRecord the count as correct to avoid a delay

硫酸マグネシウム中毒を示唆する所見はどれですか？

1. A呼吸数 18 回/分
2. B深部腱反射の消失
3. C尿量 60 mL/時
4. Dクローヌスを伴う腱反射の亢進

産後 4 日目の母親が、赤ちゃんが悪い存在だと告げる声が聞こえると言います。優先すべき対応はどれですか？

1. Aこれはマタニティブルーズで、そのうちおさまると安心させる
2. B母子だけにしないようにし、緊急の精神科的アセスメントを手配する
3. Cパートナーに一晩赤ちゃんを連れて帰ってもらい、静かな部屋で彼女を 1 人で休ませる
4. Dもっと眠るよう助言し、1 週間後に再評価する

A 20-month-old drinks about 1.5 litres of cow's milk a day and eats little solid food. He is pale and tired. What is the most likely problem?

1. AVitamin B12 deficiency
2. BLactose intolerance
3. CSickle cell disease
4. DIron-deficiency anaemia

An infant with heart failure is breathing fast and working hard. Which position helps most?

1. AFlat on the back with the legs raised
2. BSemi-upright, with the head and chest raised
3. CProne with the head turned to the side
4. DLying flat on the left side only

患者のリチウム濃度を上昇させる可能性が最も高い薬はどれですか？

1. Aアモキシシリン
2. Bオメプラゾール
3. Cパラセタモール（アセトアミノフェン）
4. Dイブプロフェン

On a mental health ward, which task is most appropriate for the nurse to delegate to a healthcare assistant?

1. ATeaching a patient about the side effects of lithium
2. BAccompanying a stable patient to the dining room and recording his food intake
3. CEvaluating whether a PRN medicine given an hour ago has worked
4. DCarrying out the full admission suicide risk assessment of a newly admitted patient

練習問題（数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません）。 ある患者の身長は 4 ft 2 in です。1 ft = 12 in と 1 in = 2.54 cm を使って、身長 h をセンチメートルで、cm の整数に丸めて求めてください。

練習問題（数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません）。 ある患者が1勤務帯の間に 2 fl oz / ジュース, 1 tbsp / 液体サプリメント, 1½ tsp / 咳止めシロップ, 1 カップ / お茶 を摂取しました。与えられた換算値を使って、経口摂取量の合計 V を mL で求めてください。

患者の体重は 18 kg です。指示量は 1 日 10 mg/kg で、4 回に等分して投与します。1 回あたり何 mg D 投与しますか？

処方は 890 単位で、薬は 1000 単位/mL で供給されます。1 mL の注射器に用量を吸い上げます：何 mL V を投与しますか？

20 滴/mL の輸液セットで 1000 mL を 5 時間かけて投与します。滴下速度 R を 1 分あたりの滴数で求めなさい。 最も近い整数に丸めてください。

薬剤 500 mg を 250 mL に希釈し、20 滴/mL のセットで自然落下で投与します。指示は 1 時間あたり 150 mg です。滴下速度 R を 1 分あたりの滴数で求めなさい。

練習問題（数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません）。 記録は、ある患者の 12 時間勤務帯 1 回分の摂取量と排泄量を示しています。患者の体重は 80 kg です。平均尿量 U を mL/kg/h で求めてください。 小数第 2 位まで四捨五入してください。

練習問題（数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません）。 500 mL の輸液を 18:30 に 80 mL/h で開始します。4 時間後に流量を 50 mL/h に変更し、その後は変更しません。開始から何時間後 t にバッグは空になりますか？ 小数第 1 位まで四捨五入してください。

練習問題（数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません）。 練習用のチャートに GCS 4、E2、V1 と記録されています。記録された運動反応のスコア M はいくつで、どの反応を表していますか。数字で答えてください。

練習問題（数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません）。 チームは平均動脈圧が少なくとも 65 mmHg になることを目標としています。ある患者の収縮期血圧は 115 mmHg です。MAP = (SBP + 2·DBP)/3 を使って、MAP が 65 mmHg になる最低の拡張期血圧 DBP はいくつですか。