A patient you are walking with starts to fall. What should you do?
ATry to hold them upright with your arms around their chest
BLet go quickly and call for help
CGrab them under the armpits and lift them
DEase them gently to the floor while protecting their head
2.基礎看護学むずかしい
Why must a needlestick injury be reported straight away rather than at the end of the shift?
AReporting late means the nurse has to pay for the tests
BThe injury must be documented within ten minutes for the report to be valid
CPost-exposure prophylaxis works best when it is started as soon as possible
DThe source patient will be discharged soon
3.感染管理と患者の安全ふつう
A small spill of blood is found on the floor. How should it be cleaned?
AWipe it up quickly with a dry cloth using bare hands, then wash the hands well
BWear gloves, absorb the blood, then clean the area with an approved disinfectant
CCover it with a clean sheet and keep working
DLeave it until housekeeping arrives the next morning
4.感染管理と患者の安全むずかしい
An 84-year-old resident with an indwelling catheter suddenly becomes confused but has no fever. What should the nurse consider?
AInfection can be ruled out because there is no fever
BAn infection may present as confusion in older adults, so assess further and report
CThe confusion is part of normal aging at this age and needs no further action
DA sedative is needed to keep the resident calm
5.優先順位の決定と委任ふつう
A patient with type 1 diabetes has vomited since morning and cannot eat. Which action is most important?
AWait until tomorrow to see if the vomiting settles
BStop all insulin until the patient is able to eat normally again
CEncourage a large meal to settle the stomach
DCheck the blood glucose and ketones and contact the provider
6.優先順位の決定と委任むずかしい
An RN has five patients and a nursing assistant. One patient has just become short of breath. Which task should the RN delegate so that the RN can go to that patient?
AExplaining the new diagnosis to the breathless patient’s family
BAssessing the breathless patient’s lung sounds
CMorning vital signs on the four stable patients
DGiving the breathless patient’s IV furosemide
7.臨床看護学ふつう
For a patient in skin traction on the leg, which is correct?
AThe weights are removed whenever the patient feels uncomfortable
BThe weights rest on the floor overnight
CThe rope is tied to the bed frame to keep it still
DThe weights hang freely and do not rest on the bed or floor
A pregnant woman's blood type is O Rh-negative, and her antibody screen (indirect Coombs test) is negative. What is usually offered at about 28 weeks?
AAn IV dose of vitamin K given for the fetus
BA transfusion of group O Rh-positive red cells
CDaily oral iron and folic acid supplements only
DAnti-D immunoglobulin (Rho(D) immune globulin)
10.検査値と電解質むずかしい
A patient has eaten very little for 2 weeks and has received broad-spectrum antibiotics. The INR is now 2.3 without warfarin, and the platelets are normal. What is the most likely cause?
AVitamin K deficiency
BIron-deficiency anemia
CHemophilia A
DImmune thrombocytopenia
11.薬理学ふつう
A patient receiving chemotherapy has a very low neutrophil count and is going home. Which teaching is most important?
AEat plenty of raw shellfish to boost protein
BExercise in crowded gyms to build strength
CTake paracetamol regularly so that fevers do not show
DReport a temperature of 38 °C (100.4 °F) or higher straight away
Two days after coronary artery bypass surgery, a patient feels palpitations. The pulse is irregularly irregular at 140/min and BP is 112/70 mmHg. Which rhythm is most likely?
ASinus tachycardia
BVentricular fibrillation
CComplete heart block
DAtrial fibrillation
15.内科外科看護:神経、内分泌、腎臓ふつう
脊髄損傷の後に、間欠的自己導尿がよく指導されるのはなぜですか?
A主に尿量を正確に測るために用いられるから
B膀胱が空にならないことがあり、定期的に空にすることで腎臓を守れるから
C膀胱が時間とともに徐々に大きくなるよう訓練するから
D尿路感染症のリスクを完全になくすから
16.内科外科看護:神経、内分泌、腎臓むずかしい
A patient had a witnessed tonic-clonic seizure. Afterwards their left arm is weak, and the weakness improves over the next few hours. What is the best interpretation?
APossible postictal (Todd's) paresis, but a stroke must still be excluded
BA sign that the patient is pretending to be weak
CNormal postictal tiredness that needs no further assessment or imaging at all
DCertainly a stroke, so the seizure can be ignored
17.内科外科看護:消化器、周術期、がんふつう
多くの化学療法薬の後、体液に対する特別な予防策は、しばしばどのくらいの期間とられますか?
Aまる1年間
B決して必要ない
C点滴中のみ
D一般に約48時間
18.内科外科看護:消化器、周術期、がんむずかしい
Shortly after a spinal anaesthetic, a patient says their arms feel weak and it is hard to breathe, and the BP is falling. What is most likely?
AAn anxiety attack
BA normal spinal effect
CA post-dural puncture headache
DA high spinal block
19.母性看護・産科看護ふつう
Which is a common sign of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy?
An 83-year-old becomes confused and constipated and cannot pass urine. She takes amitriptyline, oxybutynin and an over-the-counter sleep aid with diphenhydramine. What is the most likely cause?
ASudden-onset Alzheimer's disease
BThe combined anticholinergic effects of her medicines
CThe normal effects of ageing
DA sign that she needs a higher dose of amitriptyline
25.看護の計算と単位換算ふつう
練習問題(数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません)。 ある患者の身長は 4 ft 6 in です。1 ft = 12 in と 1 in = 2.54 cm を使って、身長 h をセンチメートルで、cm の整数に丸めて求めてください。
4 ft 6 in1 ft = 12 in1 in = 2.54 cm
h = cm
26.看護の計算と単位換算むずかしい
練習問題(数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません)。 ある点滴が 23:20 に始まり、翌朝の 00:10 に終了しました(24時間表記)。何分 t 続きましたか。
23:2000:10
t = min
27.投与量の計算ふつう
体重 47 kg の患者の体表面積は 1.39 m² です。処方は 175 mg/m² です。用量 D を mg で求めなさい。
答え: D · Ease them gently to the floor while protecting their head
これが答えになる理由
Trying to stop a fall can injure both the nurse and the patient. The nurse widens their stance, supports the patient and guides them down, protecting the head.
答え
D · Ease them gently to the floor while protecting their head
2.基礎看護学
答え: C · Post-exposure prophylaxis works best when it is started as soon as possible
これが答えになる理由
After a high-risk exposure, for example to HIV or hepatitis B, preventive treatment is most effective when started early. Prompt reporting also allows the source patient to be assessed.
答え
C · Post-exposure prophylaxis works best when it is started as soon as possible
3.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: B · Wear gloves, absorb the blood, then clean the area with an approved disinfectant
これが答えになる理由
Blood spills are cleaned promptly by staff wearing gloves. The blood is absorbed with disposable material, then the area is cleaned and disinfected with a hospital disinfectant, and waste goes into clinical waste.
答え
B · Wear gloves, absorb the blood, then clean the area with an approved disinfectant
4.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: B · An infection may present as confusion in older adults, so assess further and report
これが答えになる理由
In older adults, infections such as urinary tract infection may present with new confusion, falls or reduced appetite rather than fever. Sudden confusion is assessed and reported, not dismissed as aging.
答え
B · An infection may present as confusion in older adults, so assess further and report
5.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: D · Check the blood glucose and ketones and contact the provider
これが答えになる理由
Vomiting in type 1 diabetes can lead quickly to diabetic ketoacidosis. Glucose and ketones are checked and the provider is contacted; insulin is usually not stopped completely during illness.
答え
D · Check the blood glucose and ketones and contact the provider
6.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: C · Morning vital signs on the four stable patients
これが答えになる理由
Routine vital signs on stable patients can be delegated, freeing the RN to assess and treat the unstable patient. Assessment, IV medication and explaining a new diagnosis stay with the RN.
答え
C · Morning vital signs on the four stable patients
7.臨床看護学
答え: D · The weights hang freely and do not rest on the bed or floor
これが答えになる理由
Weights must hang freely so the pull is continuous and in line. Nurses also check the skin, circulation and sensation of the limb.
答え
D · The weights hang freely and do not rest on the bed or floor
答え: D · Anti-D immunoglobulin (Rho(D) immune globulin)
これが答えになる理由
An Rh-negative mother can form anti-D antibodies if Rh-positive fetal blood enters her circulation, which can cause hemolytic disease in a later pregnancy. Anti-D immunoglobulin at about 28 weeks and after delivery of an Rh-positive baby prevents this sensitization.確認に用いた資料:Red Blood Cell Antibody Screen · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025); Hemolytic disease of the newborn · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025)
答え
D · Anti-D immunoglobulin (Rho(D) immune globulin)
10.検査値と電解質
答え: A · Vitamin K deficiency
これが答えになる理由
Vitamin K comes from the diet and from gut bacteria. Poor intake plus antibiotics can cause vitamin K deficiency, which lowers factors II, VII, IX and X and prolongs the PT/INR. Vitamin K replacement corrects it.確認に用いた資料:Vitamin K Deficiency in Neonates and Adults (StatPearls) · StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) (2026); Prothrombin time (PT) · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025)
答え
A · Vitamin K deficiency
11.薬理学
答え: D · Report a temperature of 38 °C (100.4 °F) or higher straight away
これが答えになる理由
Neutropenic patients may have few signs of infection other than fever, and sepsis can develop quickly. A fever needs urgent assessment; good hand hygiene and avoiding sick contacts are also taught.
答え
D · Report a temperature of 38 °C (100.4 °F) or higher straight away
New atrial fibrillation affects a large proportion of patients in the first days after cardiac surgery, often due to inflammation, electrolyte shifts and stress. Management includes a 12-lead ECG, checking potassium and magnesium, rate or rhythm control and considering anticoagulation.
答え: A · Possible postictal (Todd's) paresis, but a stroke must still be excluded
これが答えになる理由
Todd's paresis is a temporary weakness after a seizure that usually resolves within hours to a couple of days. Because a stroke can cause seizures and look the same, the patient still needs a full assessment and usually imaging.
答え
A · Possible postictal (Todd's) paresis, but a stroke must still be excluded
If local anaesthetic spreads upwards, it can affect the arms, breathing muscles and cardiac nerves, causing hypotension and bradycardia. It is an emergency; help is called, and breathing and circulation are supported.
答え
D · A high spinal block
19.母性看護・産科看護
答え: C · Tiredness, pallor and breathlessness
これが答えになる理由
Iron deficiency causes fatigue, pallor, breathlessness, palpitations and sometimes pica. A full blood count and ferritin confirm the diagnosis.
Topical creams cannot reach the fungus in the hair shafts and follicles, so tinea capitis needs an oral antifungal for several weeks, sometimes with an antifungal shampoo to reduce spread.
答え: B · The combined anticholinergic effects of her medicines
これが答えになる理由
Several drugs with anticholinergic effects add up, increasing the risk of delirium, constipation and urinary retention in older adults. A medicine review aims to reduce the total anticholinergic burden.
答え
B · The combined anticholinergic effects of her medicines
25.看護の計算と単位換算
答え: h = 137 cm
家庭用の計量と体重:看護の試験では丸めた換算値を使います。小さじ1(tsp)= 5 mL、大さじ1(tbsp)= 15 mL = 小さじ3、液量オンス1(fl oz)= 30 mL = 大さじ2、1カップ = 8 fl oz = 240 mL。体重は 1 kg = 2.2 lb、1 lb = 16 oz、長さは 1 インチ = 2.54 cm です。不要な単位が約分されて消えるように式を立ててください。
Body-surface-area dosing: many cytotoxic and some paediatric doses are prescribed per square metre of body surface area: dose (mg) = dose per m² × BSA (m²). The Mosteller formula estimates BSA = √(height (cm) × weight (kg)/3600).
投与量
D = 175·1.39 = 243.2 mg
答え
D = 243.2 mg
28.投与量の計算
答え: D = 204.1 mg
Body-surface-area dosing: many cytotoxic and some paediatric doses are prescribed per square metre of body surface area: dose (mg) = dose per m² × BSA (m²). The Mosteller formula estimates BSA = √(height (cm) × weight (kg)/3600).
これは独自の練習教材です。ExamProblems はこの試験を実施する団体とは提携しておらず、その承認も受けていません。試験名は内容を説明するためにのみ使用しています。 NCLEX®, NCLEX-RN® and NCLEX-PN®はthe National Council of State Boards of Nursing, Inc. (NCSBN)の商標です。同団体はExamProblemsと提携しておらず、推奨も正確性の保証もしていません。