When washing a patient's eyes, how should each eye be wiped?
AFrom the outer corner inwards, using the same part of the cloth for both
BIn small circles over the closed eyelid of both eyes
CFrom the inner corner outwards, using a clean part of the cloth for each eye
DOnly the eye that looks dirty needs cleaning
2.基礎看護学むずかしい
A woman leaks small amounts of urine when she coughs, sneezes or laughs. Which type of incontinence is this?
AFunctional incontinence
BUrge incontinence
COverflow incontinence
DStress incontinence
3.感染管理と患者の安全ふつう
A patient walking with a gait belt suddenly starts to fall. What should the nurse do?
AGrab the patient under both arms and try hard to keep them standing up
BHold the belt, widen the stance and ease the patient gently to the floor
CLet go of the belt and run to call for help
DPull the patient backwards quickly toward the bed
4.感染管理と患者の安全むずかしい
A patient on oxygen needs an MRI scan. Which plan is safe?
ARemove the oxygen for the scan without telling anyone
BTake the usual steel cylinder into the room if it is tightly strapped to the trolley frame
CUse only MRI-safe equipment, and never take a standard steel oxygen cylinder into the scanner room
DLeave the steel cylinder on the patient’s bed during the scan
5.優先順位の決定と委任ふつう
A nurse has called the rapid response team for a deteriorating patient. What should the nurse do while waiting for the team?
AGo to the station to finish documentation for other patients
BLeave the patient for a few minutes to find the relatives and explain what is happening
CStay with the patient, give oxygen as prescribed and have recent vital signs ready
DGive a dose of every as-needed medication on the chart
6.優先順位の決定と委任むずかしい
A patient in labor is receiving oxytocin, and the fetal monitor shows repeated late decelerations. What should the nurse do first?
AIncrease the oxytocin rate
BPlace the patient flat on her back
CEncourage the patient to start pushing
DStop the oxytocin infusion
7.臨床看護学ふつう
How does ulcerative colitis differ from Crohn's disease?
AUlcerative colitis always affects the full thickness of the bowel wall
BUlcerative colitis can affect any part of the gut from mouth to anus
CUlcerative colitis affects only the colon, continuously from the rectum
DUlcerative colitis typically causes patchy "skip" lesions
8.臨床看護学むずかしい
トリアージで最初に診るべき患者は?
Aピーナッツを食べたあと呼吸音が大きく、唇が腫れている患者
B足首の捻挫で軽い腫れのある患者
C処方の継続を希望する患者
D2 日前からのどが痛い患者
9.検査値と電解質ふつう
A urine culture is ordered for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter. How should the nurse collect the sample?
AAspirate from the sampling port with a sterile syringe
BRemove the catheter and culture the catheter tip
CPour urine from the drainage bag into a sterile cup
DDisconnect the catheter from the tubing and let it drain
10.検査値と電解質むずかしい
An RN cares for a patient on a 24-hour urine collection. Which task can be delegated to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP), such as a nursing or healthcare assistant?
AInterpreting the creatinine clearance result when it comes back
BDeciding whether to restart the collection after a missed sample
CTeaching the patient why the 24-hour collection is needed
DSaving all urine in the collection container as instructed
11.薬理学ふつう
During an oxytocin infusion, contractions become very frequent and the fetal heart rate shows late decelerations. What is the nurse's first action?
APosition the woman flat on her back
BIncrease the infusion to finish labour quickly
CStop the oxytocin infusion
DGive a second oxytocin bolus
12.薬理学むずかしい
Why should a dose never be written as "5.0 mg" on a medication order?
AIt is too precise for most drugs
BIt means the dose must be given five times
CThe pharmacy cannot supply doses that contain a decimal point
DThe decimal point may be missed, and the dose read as 50 mg
13.内科外科看護:循環器と呼吸器ふつう
COPDにおける呼吸リハビリテーションとは何ですか?
A肺の最も障害された部分を切除する手術
B毎年冬に自宅で行う、経口ステロイドと抗菌薬の投与
C6か月ごとに繰り返す肺機能検査
D息切れを和らげる、監督下の運動と教育
14.内科外科看護:循環器と呼吸器むずかしい
A 28-year-old woman taking the combined pill comes in breathless and anxious. RR is 30/min, heart rate 118/min and SpO₂ 90% on air. A colleague says it is a panic attack. What should the nurse conclude?
ABreathing into a paper bag is the best first treatment for her
BThe saturation is normal for an anxious person who is breathing fast
CShe should be sent home after a sedative
DLow oxygen saturation is not explained by anxiety; PE must be excluded
15.内科外科看護:神経、内分泌、腎臓ふつう
A patient is due a rapid-acting insulin dose before lunch, but the meal trays are delayed. What should the nurse do?
AWait to give the insulin until the meal arrives
BGive the insulin with a glass of water instead
COmit the dose entirely for the rest of the day
DGive the insulin now and the meal when it comes
16.内科外科看護:神経、内分泌、腎臓むずかしい
During a TURP, a patient becomes confused and nauseated, with a slow pulse and a raised BP. The sodium is 121 mmol/L. What is most likely?
AAn allergic reaction to the catheter
BHypoglycaemia from fasting for many hours before surgery
CA normal reaction to the spinal anaesthetic
DTURP syndrome from absorbed irrigation fluid
17.内科外科看護:消化器、周術期、がんふつう
Which complication is more typical of Crohn's disease than of ulcerative colitis?
答え: C · From the inner corner outwards, using a clean part of the cloth for each eye
これが答えになる理由
Wiping from the inner to the outer canthus moves debris away from the tear duct. Using a clean part of the cloth for each eye prevents spreading infection between them.
答え
C · From the inner corner outwards, using a clean part of the cloth for each eye
2.基礎看護学
答え: D · Stress incontinence
これが答えになる理由
Stress incontinence occurs when raised abdominal pressure overcomes weak pelvic floor support. Pelvic floor exercises are a first-line treatment. Urge incontinence is a sudden strong need to void.
答え
D · Stress incontinence
3.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: B · Hold the belt, widen the stance and ease the patient gently to the floor
これが答えになる理由
The nurse keeps hold of the gait belt, takes a wide base of support and slides the patient down along their own leg to the floor, protecting the head. This controls the fall and protects the nurse’s back.
答え
B · Hold the belt, widen the stance and ease the patient gently to the floor
4.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: C · Use only MRI-safe equipment, and never take a standard steel oxygen cylinder into the scanner room
これが答えになる理由
Steel oxygen cylinders can become projectiles in an MRI room and cause fatal injuries. Only equipment labeled MRI-safe is used, and the patient’s oxygen needs are planned with the MRI team.
答え
C · Use only MRI-safe equipment, and never take a standard steel oxygen cylinder into the scanner room
5.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: C · Stay with the patient, give oxygen as prescribed and have recent vital signs ready
これが答えになる理由
The nurse stays with the patient, starts basic support such as oxygen as prescribed and prepares a clear handover. Leaving the patient or giving unrelated medications is unsafe.
答え
C · Stay with the patient, give oxygen as prescribed and have recent vital signs ready
6.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: D · Stop the oxytocin infusion
これが答えになる理由
Late decelerations point to reduced blood flow through the placenta. Stopping oxytocin reduces contractions; the nurse then turns the patient onto her side, gives IV fluids as prescribed and informs the provider.
答え
D · Stop the oxytocin infusion
7.臨床看護学
答え: C · Ulcerative colitis affects only the colon, continuously from the rectum
これが答えになる理由
Ulcerative colitis involves the mucosa of the colon, spreading continuously from the rectum. Crohn's disease can affect any part of the GI tract, is transmural and has skip lesions.
答え
C · Ulcerative colitis affects only the colon, continuously from the rectum
答え: A · Aspirate from the sampling port with a sterile syringe
これが答えになる理由
The catheter sampling port is cleaned and urine is aspirated with a sterile syringe, keeping the system closed. Urine in the drainage bag has been standing and can contain bacteria that multiplied there; opening the system raises the risk of infection.
答え
A · Aspirate from the sampling port with a sterile syringe
10.検査値と電解質
答え: D · Saving all urine in the collection container as instructed
これが答えになる理由
UAP can help with routine, standard tasks such as saving urine and keeping the container cool as instructed. Teaching, clinical decisions and interpreting results require nursing judgment and stay with the RN.確認に用いた資料:24-Hour Urine Collection and Analysis · StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) (2024)
答え
D · Saving all urine in the collection container as instructed
11.薬理学
答え: C · Stop the oxytocin infusion
これが答えになる理由
Excessive contractions reduce placental blood flow and cause fetal distress. The oxytocin is stopped first, then the woman is turned on her side, IV fluids and oxygen are given as per protocol and the provider is informed.
答え
C · Stop the oxytocin infusion
12.薬理学
答え: D · The decimal point may be missed, and the dose read as 50 mg
これが答えになる理由
Trailing zeros (5.0) and missing leading zeros (.5) are well-known causes of tenfold errors. Safe practice is to write 5 mg and 0.5 mg.
答え
D · The decimal point may be missed, and the dose read as 50 mg
答え: D · Low oxygen saturation is not explained by anxiety; PE must be excluded
これが答えになる理由
Panic-related hyperventilation causes respiratory alkalosis but normal oxygen saturation. Hypoxaemia with tachycardia in a woman taking oestrogen suggests PE. She needs oxygen, urgent medical assessment and investigation. Paper-bag rebreathing is unsafe and can worsen hypoxaemia.
答え
D · Low oxygen saturation is not explained by anxiety; PE must be excluded
15.内科外科看護:神経、内分泌、腎臓
答え: A · Wait to give the insulin until the meal arrives
これが答えになる理由
Rapid-acting insulin begins to work within about 15 minutes, so giving it without food risks hypoglycaemia. It is given just before or with the meal. Basal insulin is not affected by meal delays.
答え
A · Wait to give the insulin until the meal arrives
16.内科外科看護:神経、内分泌、腎臓
答え: D · TURP syndrome from absorbed irrigation fluid
これが答えになる理由
In TURP syndrome, irrigating fluid is absorbed into the blood, causing fluid overload and dilutional hyponatraemia. Signs include confusion, nausea, bradycardia, hypertension and, if severe, seizures. It needs urgent medical treatment.
答え
D · TURP syndrome from absorbed irrigation fluid
17.内科外科看護:消化器、周術期、がん
答え: D · Fistulas between the bowel and other organs
これが答えになる理由
Transmural inflammation in Crohn's disease can create fistulas, abscesses and strictures. Ulcerative colitis is mucosal, and removing the colon and rectum is curative.
Early jaundice with poor intake is linked to insufficient milk, which slows stooling and increases reabsorption of bilirubin. Support with frequent effective feeds is the main treatment.
答え: D · Poor spleen function puts them at high risk of pneumococcal infection
これが答えになる理由
Repeated sickling damages the spleen early in life, making children vulnerable to encapsulated bacteria such as pneumococcus. Daily penicillin prophylaxis and full vaccination greatly reduce the risk of life-threatening infection.
答え
D · Poor spleen function puts them at high risk of pneumococcal infection
22.小児看護
答え: A · やめる必要はない。軽い発熱と不機嫌はよくある予想される反応で、接種をやめる理由にならない
答え: C · An infection such as a urinary tract infection, or a medicine side effect
これが答えになる理由
Acute confusion in an older adult suggests delirium, which has an underlying cause. Common causes include infections, medicines (especially anticholinergics and sedatives), dehydration, hypoxia, pain and urinary retention.
答え
C · An infection such as a urinary tract infection, or a medicine side effect
Infusion rates: a pump is set in mL/h = volume/time in hours. A gravity drip is counted in drops per minute: gtt/min = volume (mL) × drop factor (gtt/mL)/time (min). The drop factor is printed on the tubing package: macrodrip sets deliver 10, 15 or 20 gtt/mL (blood sets often 10 gtt/mL in the US, 15 in the UK) and microdrip sets 60 gtt/mL. Always use the drop factor the question or package gives.
これは独自の練習教材です。ExamProblems はこの試験を実施する団体とは提携しておらず、その承認も受けていません。試験名は内容を説明するためにのみ使用しています。 NCLEX®, NCLEX-RN® and NCLEX-PN®はthe National Council of State Boards of Nursing, Inc. (NCSBN)の商標です。同団体はExamProblemsと提携しておらず、推奨も正確性の保証もしていません。