A patient taking warfarin has an INR of 5.2 and no signs of bleeding. What should the nurse do?
AEncourage the patient to take aspirin for pain
BHold the warfarin dose and inform the provider
CGive the usual dose and recheck the INR next month
DGive a double dose to correct the result
14.優先順位の決定と委任むずかしい
A nurse sees a colleague put a vial of an opioid into their own pocket instead of returning it. What should the nurse do?
AReport it to the nurse manager according to policy
BAsk the colleague to share the vial with them
CTell the patients to watch the colleague carefully
DSay nothing, because it is not their business
15.感染管理と患者の安全ふつう
A parent calls because a toddler has swallowed some household cleaner. The child is awake and breathing normally. What should the nurse advise first?
AContact the local poison advice service now for specific advice
BGive syrup of ipecac from the medicine cabinet
CWait to see whether any symptoms develop over the next day
DMake the child vomit, using a finger at the back of the throat
16.感染管理と患者の安全むずかしい
Who should mark the operative site before surgery?
AThe patient, alone, using a marker pen at home on the night before surgery
BThe admitting clerk, using the information written on the consent form
CAny member of the operating room team after anesthesia starts
DThe person who will perform the procedure, with the patient involved where possible
17.検査値と電解質ふつう
患者の左前腕に輸液が入っています。看護師はどこから採血すべきですか?
A輸液が流れている間に、点滴の留置針から
B同じ腕の、点滴の刺入部のすぐ上から
C輸液は結果に影響しないので、どの静脈からでも
D反対側の腕から
18.検査値と電解質むずかしい
A patient with advanced chronic kidney disease has a mildly raised troponin that has stayed the same on several tests over months. There is no chest pain and the ECG is unchanged. What is the best interpretation?
AA sign of skeletal muscle injury, because troponin comes from all muscles
BA laboratory error, because troponin is never raised in kidney disease
CA chronic stable rise; infarction needs a rising or falling pattern
DProof of an acute myocardial infarction that needs emergency treatment now
3溶液
1.基礎看護学
答え: D · Needing a higher dose to get the same pain relief
これが答えになる理由
Tolerance is a physical adaptation in which the same dose has less effect over time. It is not the same as addiction, which involves craving and harmful use.
答え
D · Needing a higher dose to get the same pain relief
2.基礎看護学
答え: D · Higher angles make the patient slide down, causing shear over the sacrum
これが答えになる理由
When the head is raised high, the body tends to slide while the skin stays still, distorting the tissues over the sacrum. Keeping the angle low, where safe, reduces this shear.
答え
D · Higher angles make the patient slide down, causing shear over the sacrum
答え: B · Hold the warfarin dose and inform the provider
これが答えになる理由
An INR well above target raises the risk of serious bleeding. The nurse holds the dose, informs the provider and watches for bleeding. Without bleeding, holding warfarin is usually enough at this level; vitamin K is mainly used for very high INRs or bleeding.
答え
B · Hold the warfarin dose and inform the provider
14.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: A · Report it to the nurse manager according to policy
これが答えになる理由
Suspected drug diversion must be reported through the proper channel, usually the manager. It protects patients and allows the colleague to get help; staying silent is not acceptable.
答え
A · Report it to the nurse manager according to policy
15.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: A · Contact the local poison advice service now for specific advice
これが答えになる理由
A poison advice service (poison control in the US, or NHS 111 in the UK) can give advice for the exact product. Inducing vomiting is not recommended, because corrosive products can burn the esophagus again and vomit can be aspirated. Emergency services are called if the child has trouble breathing or is drowsy.
答え
A · Contact the local poison advice service now for specific advice
16.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: D · The person who will perform the procedure, with the patient involved where possible
これが答えになる理由
Under the Universal Protocol, the site is marked by the person performing the procedure, or an authorized delegate, ideally while the patient is awake and can confirm it. This helps prevent wrong-site surgery.
答え
D · The person who will perform the procedure, with the patient involved where possible
答え: C · A chronic stable rise; infarction needs a rising or falling pattern
これが答えになる理由
Troponin is often chronically raised in CKD and other conditions. Acute infarction is diagnosed by a rise and/or fall in troponin together with symptoms or ECG changes, so serial results are compared with the patient's baseline.確認に用いた資料:Troponin Test · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2023)
答え
C · A chronic stable rise; infarction needs a rising or falling pattern