A patient with a spinal cord injury at T4 suddenly has a severe headache, flushing above the injury and a blood pressure of 200/110 mmHg. What does the nurse do first?
AApply extra blankets to keep the patient warm and calm
BSit the patient upright with the legs lowered
CGive a warm drink and recheck the blood pressure in an hour
DLay the patient flat with the legs raised
14.優先順位の決定と委任むずかしい
Two weeks after birth, a mother says she hears voices telling her the baby is evil. What is the priority?
AAdvise more sleep and book a routine follow-up visit for next month
BReassure her that this is normal “baby blues”
CKeep the mother and baby safe and arrange urgent psychiatric care
Priming fills the line with fluid and removes air, which could otherwise enter the vein and cause an air embolism.
答え
B · To remove air from the line
2.基礎看護学
答え: A · Stop suctioning and give oxygen until the patient recovers
これが答えになる理由
Suction removes oxygen and can stimulate the vagus nerve, causing hypoxia and bradycardia. The nurse stops, oxygenates and lets the patient recover before trying again.
答え
A · Stop suctioning and give oxygen until the patient recovers
答え: B · Sit the patient upright with the legs lowered
これが答えになる理由
Autonomic dysreflexia is an emergency in injuries at T6 or above. Sitting the patient up lowers the blood pressure; the nurse then looks for the trigger, most often a full bladder or constipation.
答え
B · Sit the patient upright with the legs lowered
14.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: C · Keep the mother and baby safe and arrange urgent psychiatric care
これが答えになる理由
Hallucinations and delusions after birth suggest postpartum psychosis, a psychiatric emergency with risk to mother and baby. Safety and urgent specialist care are the priorities.
答え
C · Keep the mother and baby safe and arrange urgent psychiatric care
答え: D · It measures the main ketone in DKA, and the dipstick may miss it
これが答えになる理由
In DKA, β-hydroxybutyrate is the main ketone, but most urine dipsticks detect acetoacetate, so they can underestimate ketosis. Blood β-hydroxybutyrate gives a current value that is also useful to monitor recovery.確認に用いた資料:Diabetic ketoacidosis - Medical Encyclopedia · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025)
答え
D · It measures the main ketone in DKA, and the dipstick may miss it