答え: B · Stay calm, listen and acknowledge their frustration
これが答えになる理由
Listening calmly and acknowledging feelings often de-escalates anger. The nurse then finds out the answer or explains what will happen next. Staff safety is maintained throughout.
答え
B · Stay calm, listen and acknowledge their frustration
2.基礎看護学
答え: B · Fever increases unmeasured fluid loss through sweating and breathing
これが答えになる理由
Insensible losses through the skin and lungs are not measured and rise with fever and fast breathing. A balanced chart can therefore hide a real fluid deficit.
答え
B · Fever increases unmeasured fluid loss through sweating and breathing
3.臨床看護学
答え: D · A fit-tested respirator mask (such as FFP3 or N95)
これが答えになる理由
Aerosol-generating procedures, such as intubation, release small infectious particles. Respirators that are fit-tested protect the wearer, while surgical masks mainly protect against droplets.
答え
D · A fit-tested respirator mask (such as FFP3 or N95)
4.臨床看護学
答え: A · An arterial ulcer
これが答えになる理由
Arterial ulcers are usually on the feet or toes, painful and punched-out, with signs of poor perfusion. Venous ulcers are usually around the ankle, shallow and associated with swelling and skin staining.
答え: B · That the dose is correct for the child’s weight
これが答えになる理由
Pediatric doses are usually calculated by weight, and errors can cause serious harm. The nurse checks the dose against the child’s weight and the safe range before giving it.
答え
B · That the dose is correct for the child’s weight
14.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: D · A child with chickenpox (varicella)
これが答えになる理由
Varicella spreads by the airborne route (and contact), so it needs an airborne infection isolation room. Influenza, pertussis and mumps are spread mainly by droplets.
答え
D · A child with chickenpox (varicella)
15.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: C · Use a soft toothbrush and an electric razor
これが答えになる理由
With thrombocytopenia, minor trauma can cause serious bleeding. Bleeding precautions include soft toothbrushes, electric razors, avoiding rectal procedures and IM injections where possible, and preventing falls.
答え
C · Use a soft toothbrush and an electric razor
16.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: A · Be honest that an error occurred and involve the provider and team in disclosure per policy
これが答えになる理由
Open, honest disclosure of errors is an ethical duty and part of a safety culture. The nurse follows policy, which usually involves the provider and risk team, and does not hide or blame.
答え
A · Be honest that an error occurred and involve the provider and team in disclosure per policy
17.検査値と電解質
答え: A · Absolute neutrophil count
これが答えになる理由
Clozapine can cause severe neutropenia (agranulocytosis), so the ANC is checked before starting and regularly during treatment. A sore throat, fever or other sign of infection must be reported at once.