Which patient is most suitable for the nurse to assign to a nurse who has just finished orientation?
AA patient with stable cellulitis on scheduled IV antibiotics
BA patient with a new tracheostomy who needs frequent suctioning
CA patient on a continuous heparin infusion with rising aPTT values
DA patient with sepsis whose blood pressure is falling
14.優先順位の決定と委任むずかしい
A team has an RN, an LPN/LVN and a nursing assistant. Which task is the best one to assign to the LPN/LVN?
AAssessing a patient who returned from surgery 30 minutes ago
BGiving a scheduled subcutaneous anticoagulant injection to a stable patient
CMeasuring the vital signs and weights of every patient on the unit before breakfast
DWriting the discharge teaching plan for a patient with new diabetes
15.感染管理と患者の安全ふつう
A nurse’s hands are dry and cracked from frequent hand hygiene. What is the best approach?
AUse any lotion from home, whatever its contents
BUse the hand lotion approved by the facility to keep the skin intact
CWear gloves all day instead of cleaning the hands between patients
DStop hand hygiene until the skin heals
16.感染管理と患者の安全むずかしい
Several patients on a ward develop vomiting and diarrhea within two days, and a norovirus outbreak is suspected. What should the nurse do first?
AMove the affected patients to different wards so that fewer people are exposed
BAsk visitors to bring in bottled water for all patients
CNotify the infection prevention team and place affected patients on contact precautions
DWait for all the stool results to come back before taking any action
17.検査値と電解質ふつう
A patient receiving chemotherapy has an ANC of 300/µL and a new temperature of 38.3 °C (100.9 °F). What should the nurse do first?
AEncourage oral fluids and record the fever in the chart
BGive acetaminophen (paracetamol) and recheck the temperature in 4 hours
CReport it at once so cultures and antibiotics start quickly
DRemove extra blankets and offer a tepid sponge bath
18.検査値と電解質むずかしい
A young adult has fatigue, bruising and fever. The white cell count is 85 × 10³/µL with many blasts, the hemoglobin is 7.9 g/dL (79 g/L) and the platelets are 22 × 10³/µL. What is the most likely diagnosis?
AAcute viral infection
BIron-deficiency anemia
CAcute leukemia
DPolycythemia vera
3溶液
1.基礎看護学
答え: B · The first urine of the morning is discarded and the time noted, then all urine is kept
これが答えになる理由
The patient empties the bladder at the start and that urine is discarded. All urine for the next 24 hours is kept, including a final void at the end time.
答え
B · The first urine of the morning is discarded and the time noted, then all urine is kept
答え: C · Calmly reassure and redirect him while the team assesses his capacity and safety
これが答えになる理由
De-escalation, reorientation and supervision come first. If he lacks capacity, the team must act in his best interests using the least restrictive measures, following local law and policy.
答え
C · Calmly reassure and redirect him while the team assesses his capacity and safety
答え: A · A patient with stable cellulitis on scheduled IV antibiotics
これが答えになる理由
A newly oriented nurse is best given stable patients with predictable care. The other patients have changing or high-risk conditions that need more experience and close monitoring.
答え
A · A patient with stable cellulitis on scheduled IV antibiotics
14.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: B · Giving a scheduled subcutaneous anticoagulant injection to a stable patient
これが答えになる理由
LPNs/LVNs usually give scheduled injections to stable patients. A fresh postoperative assessment and teaching plans need the RN, and routine vital signs are better given to the assistant so the LPN/LVN can use their skills.
答え
B · Giving a scheduled subcutaneous anticoagulant injection to a stable patient
15.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: B · Use the hand lotion approved by the facility to keep the skin intact
これが答えになる理由
Cracked skin is harder to clean and harbors more organisms. Facility-approved lotions help keep the skin healthy without reducing the effect of hand antiseptics such as chlorhexidine.
答え
B · Use the hand lotion approved by the facility to keep the skin intact
16.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: C · Notify the infection prevention team and place affected patients on contact precautions
これが答えになる理由
Early reporting lets infection prevention organize testing, cohorting, closing of the ward if needed, cleaning with suitable agents and soap-and-water hand hygiene. Moving patients around can spread the outbreak.
答え
C · Notify the infection prevention team and place affected patients on contact precautions
17.検査値と電解質
答え: C · Report it at once so cultures and antibiotics start quickly
これが答えになる理由
Neutropenic fever is a medical emergency, because infection can progress to sepsis rapidly without the usual signs of inflammation. Blood cultures are taken and broad-spectrum antibiotics are started promptly as prescribed.確認に用いた資料:Watch Out for Fever · CDC (2024); What You Need to Know: Neutropenia and Risk for Infection · CDC
答え
C · Report it at once so cultures and antibiotics start quickly
18.検査値と電解質
答え: C · Acute leukemia
これが答えになる理由
Many circulating blasts with anemia and thrombocytopenia suggest acute leukemia: malignant cells crowd out normal production in the marrow. Despite the high white count, the patient has few working white cells and is at high risk of infection and bleeding.確認に用いた資料:Laboratory Evaluation of Acute Leukemia · StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) (2025)