A nurse has called the rapid response team for a deteriorating patient. What should the nurse do while waiting for the team?
AGo to the station to finish documentation for other patients
BLeave the patient for a few minutes to find the relatives and explain what is happening
CStay with the patient, give oxygen as prescribed and have recent vital signs ready
DGive a dose of every as-needed medication on the chart
14.優先順位の決定と委任むずかしい
At the end of a shift, the nurse’s relief has not arrived and the patients are acutely ill. What should the nurse do?
ALeave a written note at the station and go home
BAsk a nursing assistant to watch the patients until someone comes
CStay and tell the charge nurse, and hand over before leaving
DLeave on time, because the shift has officially ended
15.感染管理と患者の安全ふつう
Which technique is correct when collecting a wound culture?
AClean the wound with sterile saline first, then swab clean tissue
BSwab the old pus on the dressing that was just removed from the wound
CUse one swab to sample two different wounds
DCollect the sample only after antibiotics have been started
16.感染管理と患者の安全むずかしい
A nurse has raised a safety concern about an order with the prescriber, who dismissed it without addressing it. What should the nurse do next?
ACarry out the order as written, because the prescriber has heard the concern
BState the concern clearly a second time and, if still unresolved, use the chain of command
CRefuse to care for the patient for the rest of the shift until the prescriber apologizes
DDiscuss the concern with the patient and let them decide
17.検査値と電解質ふつう
患者の絶対好中球数が 0.4 × 10³/µL です。適切な対応はどれですか?
A厳格な手指衛生、体温の確認、感染症のある面会者をなくすこと
B測定値がより正確なので、直腸で体温を測定する
C肺炎の治療を受けている別の患者と同室にする
D患者の気分を上げるため、生花を部屋に持ち込む
18.検査値と電解質むずかしい
A patient with a round face, central weight gain and purple stretch marks has a glucose of 210 mg/dL (11.7 mmol/L) and a potassium of 3.1 mEq/L. Which condition fits best?
ADiabetes insipidus
BAdrenal insufficiency
CCushing syndrome
DHypothyroidism
3溶液
1.基礎看護学
答え: C · Two nurses count the apical and radial pulse at the same time for one minute
これが答えになる理由
A pulse deficit is the apical rate minus the radial rate, counted at the same time over a full minute. It shows that some heartbeats are too weak to reach the wrist, as in atrial fibrillation.
答え
C · Two nurses count the apical and radial pulse at the same time for one minute
2.基礎看護学
答え: C · A drowsy patient stops pressing, which helps prevent overdose
これが答えになる理由
If the patient becomes too sleepy they cannot press the button, so no more opioid is given. When others press it this safety is lost and respiratory depression can follow.
答え
C · A drowsy patient stops pressing, which helps prevent overdose
3.臨床看護学
答え: B · To reduce the absorption of ammonia from the gut
これが答えになる理由
Lactulose acidifies the colon and speeds transit, reducing ammonia absorption. The dose is usually adjusted to give two to three soft stools a day.
答え
B · To reduce the absorption of ammonia from the gut
答え: C · Stay with the patient, give oxygen as prescribed and have recent vital signs ready
これが答えになる理由
The nurse stays with the patient, starts basic support such as oxygen as prescribed and prepares a clear handover. Leaving the patient or giving unrelated medications is unsafe.
答え
C · Stay with the patient, give oxygen as prescribed and have recent vital signs ready
14.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: C · Stay and tell the charge nurse, and hand over before leaving
これが答えになる理由
The nurse must not leave patients without handing over to another qualified nurse. Telling the charge nurse allows staffing to be arranged safely.
答え
C · Stay and tell the charge nurse, and hand over before leaving
15.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: A · Clean the wound with sterile saline first, then swab clean tissue
これが答えになる理由
Old exudate contains surface bacteria that may not be causing the infection. The wound is cleaned with sterile saline and then swabbed over clean, viable tissue, ideally before antibiotics start.
答え
A · Clean the wound with sterile saline first, then swab clean tissue
16.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: B · State the concern clearly a second time and, if still unresolved, use the chain of command
これが答えになる理由
The two-challenge rule says the concern is voiced at least twice to make sure it was heard. If it is still not addressed, the nurse escalates through the chain of command rather than acting against the patient’s safety.
答え
B · State the concern clearly a second time and, if still unresolved, use the chain of command
17.検査値と電解質
答え: A · 厳格な手指衛生、体温の確認、感染症のある面会者をなくすこと
これが答えになる理由
重度の好中球減少症は、感染のリスクが高いです。手指衛生、発熱の早期の認識、感染源からの保護が重要です。花は微生物を運ぶことがあり、直腸への処置は粘膜を傷つけ、肺炎の同室者は感染リスクです。確認に用いた資料:Low white blood cell count and cancer · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025)
答え
A · 厳格な手指衛生、体温の確認、感染症のある面会者をなくすこと
18.検査値と電解質
答え: C · Cushing syndrome
これが答えになる理由
Excess cortisol raises glucose, causes central obesity, a round face and purple striae, and has some mineralocorticoid effect that lowers potassium. Adrenal insufficiency causes low glucose and high potassium.確認に用いた資料:Hypercortisolism (Cushing Syndrome) · StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) (2025); Hypokalemia · StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) (2025)