Which action helps prevent a catheter-associated urinary tract infection?
AKeeping the drainage bag below the level of the bladder
BDisconnecting the bag every shift to empty it
CLeaving the catheter in place longer than needed
DRaising the drainage bag above the bladder when walking
14.優先順位の決定と委任むずかしい
A patient has full-thickness burns all the way around the chest and is finding it harder to breathe, although the airway is clear. What does this suggest?
AThe patient has had too little IV fluid and needs a fast bolus to improve the breathing
BThe tight burned skin is restricting chest movement, so an escharotomy may be needed
CThe burns are healing and the skin is tightening normally
DThe patient is anxious and only needs reassurance
15.感染管理と患者の安全ふつう
Which household item is a strangulation risk for young children?
ASoft cotton socks
BLooped cords on window blinds
CA large wooden building block
DA plastic picture book
16.感染管理と患者の安全むずかしい
A woman in late pregnancy is choking and cannot speak or cough. Which technique should the rescuer use?
ABlind finger sweeps
BAbdominal thrusts
CChest thrusts
DBack blows only
17.検査値と電解質ふつう
A patient starts lisinopril (an ACE inhibitor). Which laboratory values should the nurse expect to be monitored?
答え: D · Stop feeding and report for a swallowing assessment
これが答えになる理由
Coughing, choking and a wet voice during meals suggest food or drink is entering the airway. Feeding stops, the patient sits upright and a speech and language therapist assesses them.
答え
D · Stop feeding and report for a swallowing assessment
2.基礎看護学
答え: C · The respiratory rate and level of sedation
これが答えになる理由
Opioids can cause sedation and respiratory depression. Checking breathing and alertness before each dose, as well as the pain score, keeps the patient safe.
答え: C · SIADH, often managed first with fluid restriction
これが答えになる理由
In SIADH, excess ADH makes the kidneys retain water, so blood sodium is diluted while urine is concentrated. Small cell lung cancer is a classic cause; fluid restriction is a common first step.
答え
C · SIADH, often managed first with fluid restriction
答え: A · Keeping the drainage bag below the level of the bladder
これが答えになる理由
Keeping the bag below the bladder prevents backflow, and the closed system is not broken. Catheters are removed as soon as they are no longer needed.
答え
A · Keeping the drainage bag below the level of the bladder
14.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: B · The tight burned skin is restricting chest movement, so an escharotomy may be needed
これが答えになる理由
Circumferential full-thickness burns form stiff eschar that can stop the chest expanding. An escharotomy, cutting through the eschar, may be needed urgently to allow breathing.
答え
B · The tight burned skin is restricting chest movement, so an escharotomy may be needed
15.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: B · Looped cords on window blinds
これが答えになる理由
Young children can become entangled in looped blind and curtain cords. Cordless blinds or cord tie-downs, and keeping cribs away from windows, prevent strangulation.
答え
B · Looped cords on window blinds
16.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: C · Chest thrusts
これが答えになる理由
For people in late pregnancy or who are very obese, chest thrusts replace abdominal thrusts because the rescuer cannot get around the abdomen effectively. Blind finger sweeps can push the object deeper.
答え
C · Chest thrusts
17.検査値と電解質
答え: C · Potassium and creatinine
これが答えになる理由
ACE inhibitors reduce aldosterone, so potassium can rise, and they lower the filtration pressure in the kidney, so creatinine can rise. Both are checked before and soon after starting or increasing the dose.確認に用いた資料:Hyperkalemia · StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) (2025)