練習問題(数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません)。 ある成人の体重は 134 kg、身長は 191 cm です。BMI を計算し、WHO の体重区分をクリックしてください。
134 kg191 cm
1低体重(やせ)
2普通体重
3過体重
4肥満クラスI
5肥満クラスII
6肥満クラスIII
9.経腸栄養・静脈栄養の計算ふつう
練習問題(数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません)。 体重 73 kg の患者は、1日に体重1 kgあたり 2 g のたんぱく質を必要とします。経管栄養剤は1リットルあたり 55 g のたんぱく質を含み、1日 20 時間、75 mL/h で投与されます。 たんぱく質パウダーは1スクープあたり 7 g のたんぱく質を供給します。不足分を補うには、1日に何スクープ n が必要ですか。1スクープ単位に切り上げてください。
A patient has orthostatic hypotension. Which teaching helps to prevent falls?
AGet out of bed quickly so the dizziness passes sooner
BSit on the edge of the bed for a short time before standing up slowly
CStand up straight after a hot shower to increase blood flow
DAvoid drinking fluids in the morning to reduce trips to the toilet
16.感染管理と患者の安全むずかしい
A nurse calls a provider using SBAR about a patient with falling blood pressure. Which statement is the “Recommendation”?
A“He is 72 and had a bowel resection yesterday.”
B“I think he needs to be assessed now. Can you come within the next 15 minutes?”
C“His blood pressure has fallen from 130/80 to 88/50 over the last two hours.”
D“I am calling about Mr. Jansen in room 12, who is hypotensive.”
17.検査値と電解質ふつう
A patient with pneumonia had a CRP of 180 mg/L on admission and 40 mg/L after 4 days of antibiotics. What does this most likely show?
AThe inflammation is settling with treatment
BThe infection has spread to another organ
CThe patient has developed a new infection
DThe antibiotic is causing liver damage
18.検査値と電解質むずかしい
Which patient's result should the nurse act on first?
AFerritin 15 ng/mL in a well patient with known iron-deficiency anemia on oral iron
BPlatelets 140 × 10³/µL in a patient with mild chronic liver disease
CHemoglobin 9.6 g/dL (96 g/L) in a patient with stable chronic kidney disease
DHemoglobin 6.4 g/dL (64 g/L) with new chest pain and a pulse of 124/min
3溶液
1.基礎看護学
答え: C · Lift the frame forward, then step into it
これが答えになる理由
The frame is lifted a short step forward with all four feet placed down, then the patient steps into it, usually leading with the weaker leg.
答え
C · Lift the frame forward, then step into it
2.基礎看護学
答え: B · Inform the surgeon so consent can be discussed again before surgery
これが答えになる理由
Consent is valid only if the patient understands the procedure, risks and alternatives. The nurse advocates for the patient and asks the person doing the procedure to discuss it again.
答え
B · Inform the surgeon so consent can be discussed again before surgery
3.臨床看護学
答え: D · Breathe out, then breathe in slowly and deeply while pressing the canister, then hold
これが答えになる理由
The patient breathes out, seals the lips around the mouthpiece, starts breathing in slowly, presses the canister and continues a deep breath, then holds it for about 10 seconds. Spacers make coordination easier.
答え
D · Breathe out, then breathe in slowly and deeply while pressing the canister, then hold
4.臨床看護学
答え: A · Cauda equina syndrome
これが答えになる理由
Saddle anaesthesia, bladder or bowel dysfunction and leg symptoms with back pain suggest cauda equina syndrome. It needs an emergency MRI and surgical review to prevent permanent loss of function.
答え: C · Write the order down and read it back to the provider to confirm it
これが答えになる理由
For telephone and verbal orders, the nurse writes down the full order and reads it back so the provider can confirm it. This “read-back” prevents errors from mishearing.
答え
C · Write the order down and read it back to the provider to confirm it
答え: B · Sit on the edge of the bed for a short time before standing up slowly
これが答えになる理由
Changing position slowly, dangling the legs first and getting up with help give the circulation time to adjust. Rapid standing, heat and dehydration make orthostatic hypotension worse.
答え
B · Sit on the edge of the bed for a short time before standing up slowly
16.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: B · “I think he needs to be assessed now. Can you come within the next 15 minutes?”
これが答えになる理由
In SBAR, the situation names the problem, the background gives the history, the assessment shares the nurse’s findings and judgement, and the recommendation states a clear request with a time frame.
答え
B · “I think he needs to be assessed now. Can you come within the next 15 minutes?”
17.検査値と電解質
答え: A · The inflammation is settling with treatment
これが答えになる理由
CRP has a short half-life of about 19 hours, so it falls within days when inflammation is controlled. A falling CRP, together with clinical improvement, supports a response to treatment; a CRP that stays high or rises again needs review.確認に用いた資料:C-reactive protein · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025)
答え
A · The inflammation is settling with treatment
18.検査値と電解質
答え: D · Hemoglobin 6.4 g/dL (64 g/L) with new chest pain and a pulse of 124/min
これが答えになる理由
Severe anemia with chest pain and tachycardia suggests the heart is not receiving enough oxygen, which needs urgent action, often including transfusion. The other results are mildly abnormal but expected or stable.確認に用いた資料:Anemia · StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) (2026)
答え
D · Hemoglobin 6.4 g/dL (64 g/L) with new chest pain and a pulse of 124/min