A nurse needs to give report on a patient to a colleague. Which information is the most important to include?
ADetails of the nurse’s own break times that shift
BThe patient’s favorite television programs and hobbies
CThe patient’s current condition, recent changes and pending tasks
DPersonal opinions about the patient’s family members and their visiting habits
14.優先順位の決定と委任むずかしい
A nurse has a needlestick injury from a used needle. What should the nurse do first?
AWash the area with soap and water
BScrub the area with bleach
CFinish the shift and report it tomorrow
DSqueeze the wound hard and suck it
15.感染管理と患者の安全ふつう
滅菌野を準備している最中に、看護師が質問に答えるためそこから背を向けました。正しいのはどれですか?
Aその間誰も触れていないので、滅菌野は滅菌のままである
B看護師に近い物だけを交換すればよい
C後でカバーをすれば使用できる
D滅菌野は汚染されたとみなされ、準備し直す必要がある
16.感染管理と患者の安全むずかしい
A patient is admitted with suspected pneumonic plague after a possible bioterrorism release. Which precautions are used?
ADroplet precautions
BContact precautions only
CAirborne precautions
DStandard precautions only
17.検査値と電解質ふつう
When blood is drawn from a central venous catheter, why is a small volume of blood usually discarded first, according to policy?
ATo remove blood clots that form in all central lines
BTo lower the patient's hemoglobin for a blood transfusion
CTo avoid diluting the sample with flush or infusion fluid
DTo check that the catheter tip is still in the right vein
18.検査値と電解質むずかしい
増殖の速いリンパ腫への化学療法のあとで、腫瘍崩壊症候群を示唆する結果のパターンはどれですか?
A電解質は正常で、ヘモグロビンが高い
B低カリウム、低リン酸、低尿酸、カルシウムの上昇
C高カリウム、高リン酸、高尿酸、低カルシウム
D高ナトリウムと低血糖のみ
3溶液
1.基礎看護学
答え: B · It keeps the airways open longer and slows the breathing
これが答えになる理由
Breathing out slowly through pursed lips creates back-pressure that keeps small airways open, helping to empty trapped air and reducing breathlessness.
答え
B · It keeps the airways open longer and slows the breathing
2.基礎看護学
答え: B · Give the first IV antibiotic dose to a patient with suspected sepsis
これが答えになる理由
In sepsis antibiotics are time-critical, and every hour of delay increases the risk of death. Routine tasks are done afterwards.
答え
B · Give the first IV antibiotic dose to a patient with suspected sepsis
3.臨床看護学
答え: D · Dull percussion and reduced breath sounds over the lung base
これが答えになる理由
Fluid in the pleural space muffles breath sounds and makes percussion stony dull. A large effusion may push the trachea away from the affected side.
答え
D · Dull percussion and reduced breath sounds over the lung base
答え: C · The patient’s current condition, recent changes and pending tasks
これが答えになる理由
Effective handover covers the current status, changes, risks and outstanding tasks, often using a structure such as SBAR. Opinions and unrelated details distract from what matters.
答え
C · The patient’s current condition, recent changes and pending tasks
14.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: A · Wash the area with soap and water
これが答えになる理由
The wound is washed with soap and water at once. The nurse then reports the injury immediately so the source patient can be tested and post-exposure treatment considered.
Pneumonic plague spreads from person to person by respiratory droplets, so droplet precautions are used until the patient has had effective antibiotics for the period set by policy. Bubonic plague without lung involvement needs standard precautions.
答え
A · Droplet precautions
17.検査値と電解質
答え: C · To avoid diluting the sample with flush or infusion fluid
これが答えになる理由
Central lines contain flush solution or infused fluids, which can dilute the sample or add glucose, heparin or electrolytes. Infusions are paused and an initial volume is discarded (or reinfused per policy) before the sample is drawn; then the line is flushed.
答え
C · To avoid diluting the sample with flush or infusion fluid