答え: B · Give the first IV antibiotic dose to a patient with suspected sepsis
これが答えになる理由
In sepsis antibiotics are time-critical, and every hour of delay increases the risk of death. Routine tasks are done afterwards.
答え
B · Give the first IV antibiotic dose to a patient with suspected sepsis
3.臨床看護学
答え: B · Avoid large meals late in the evening and raise the head of the bed
これが答えになる理由
Smaller meals, not eating close to bedtime, raising the head of the bed, weight loss and stopping smoking reduce reflux. Lying flat after eating makes it worse.
答え
B · Avoid large meals late in the evening and raise the head of the bed
4.臨床看護学
答え: D · "I will walk barefoot at home to toughen my feet."
これが答えになる理由
Diabetic neuropathy and poor circulation mean small injuries can become ulcers. Patients should avoid walking barefoot, inspect their feet daily and get professional foot care.
答え
D · "I will walk barefoot at home to toughen my feet."
答え: D · Two hours after a colonoscopy: rigid abdomen and severe new pain
これが答えになる理由
A rigid abdomen with severe pain after colonoscopy suggests bowel perforation and peritonitis, a surgical emergency. The other patients have stable, chronic or routine needs.
答え
D · Two hours after a colonoscopy: rigid abdomen and severe new pain
14.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: A · Wash the area with soap and water
これが答えになる理由
The wound is washed with soap and water at once. The nurse then reports the injury immediately so the source patient can be tested and post-exposure treatment considered.
答え: D · Pulse oximetry cannot tell carbon monoxide-bound hemoglobin from oxygen-bound hemoglobin
これが答えになる理由
Standard pulse oximeters read carboxyhemoglobin as oxyhemoglobin, so SpO2 can look normal in carbon monoxide poisoning. A blood carboxyhemoglobin level confirms it, and high-flow oxygen is given.
答え
D · Pulse oximetry cannot tell carbon monoxide-bound hemoglobin from oxygen-bound hemoglobin
17.検査値と電解質
答え: A · Dried apricots
これが答えになる理由
Dried fruits such as apricots, raisins and prunes are rich in potassium, as are bananas, oranges, potatoes, beans and tomatoes. Refined grain products such as white bread and crackers are low in potassium.確認に用いた資料:Potassium in diet · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2026)
答え
A · Dried apricots
18.検査値と電解質
答え: A · Low magnesium, low phosphate and low potassium
これが答えになる理由
Poor diet, vomiting, diarrhea and alcohol's effect on the kidneys commonly cause low magnesium, phosphate and potassium. These worsen arrhythmia and seizure risk, so they are checked and replaced, together with thiamine.
答え
A · Low magnesium, low phosphate and low potassium