答え: A · The respiratory rate and level of sedation
これが答えになる理由
Opioids can cause sedation and respiratory depression. Checking breathing and alertness before each dose, as well as the pain score, keeps the patient safe.
答え
A · The respiratory rate and level of sedation
3.臨床看護学
答え: D · Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen
これが答えになる理由
NSAIDs increase the risk of GI bleeding and can trigger kidney failure and fluid retention in cirrhosis. Paracetamol is usually preferred at a lower, carefully chosen dose.
答え
D · Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen
4.臨床看護学
答え: D · "I only need to weigh myself once a month."
これが答えになる理由
Daily weights at the same time with the same scales detect fluid retention early. A rapid gain, worsening breathlessness or needing more pillows should be reported.
答え: A · Lower the bed now and remind the assistant why it matters
これが答えになる理由
A high bed increases the risk of a serious fall, so the nurse corrects it at once and gives brief, clear feedback. Leaving it or delaying feedback leaves the patient at risk.
答え
A · Lower the bed now and remind the assistant why it matters
14.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: A · Breathing effort and ability to cough
これが答えになる理由
Injuries at C3–C5 can affect the phrenic nerve and diaphragm, so breathing may fail. Respiratory function is monitored closely, and the patient may need ventilatory support.
答え
A · Breathing effort and ability to cough
15.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: D · Sit on the edge of the bed for a short time before standing up slowly
これが答えになる理由
Changing position slowly, dangling the legs first and getting up with help give the circulation time to adjust. Rapid standing, heat and dehydration make orthostatic hypotension worse.
答え
D · Sit on the edge of the bed for a short time before standing up slowly
16.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: A · “We will put a soft bumper pad and a blanket in the crib so the baby is cozy.”
これが答えになる理由
Soft bedding, bumpers and loose blankets increase the risk of suffocation and sudden infant death. The crib should hold only a firm mattress with a fitted sheet.
答え
A · “We will put a soft bumper pad and a blanket in the crib so the baby is cozy.”
17.検査値と電解質
答え: C · ワルファリンの投与を保留し、処方者に知らせる
これが答えになる理由
INR 5.2 は目標を大きく上回り、出血のリスクを高めます。看護師は投与を保留し、出血の徴候を確認し、処方者に知らせます。処方者は、減量またはビタミン K を処方することがあります。確認に用いた資料:Prothrombin Time Test and INR (PT/INR) · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2024); Warfarin · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2026)
答え
C · ワルファリンの投与を保留し、処方者に知らせる
18.検査値と電解質
答え: D · Low hemoglobin, high reticulocytes, high unconjugated bilirubin, high LDH
これが答えになる理由
When red cells break down early, hemoglobin is turned into unconjugated bilirubin and LDH is released, while the marrow increases reticulocytes. Option B fits iron deficiency, C fits B12 deficiency and D fits marrow failure.確認に用いた資料:Hemolytic anemia · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2026); Reticulocyte Count · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2024); Bilirubin Blood Test · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2024)
答え
D · Low hemoglobin, high reticulocytes, high unconjugated bilirubin, high LDH