Five days after starting heparin, a patient’s platelet count has fallen by more than half. What should the nurse suspect?
AIron deficiency anemia
BAn expected effect that needs no action
CVitamin K deficiency
DHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia
14.優先順位の決定と委任むずかしい
A chemical cleaning fluid splashes into a patient’s eye. What should the nurse do first?
ACover the eye with a dry patch and wait for the provider
BGive antibiotic eye drops first
CFlush the eye with plenty of water or saline straight away
DRub the eye gently with a clean tissue to remove the chemical
15.感染管理と患者の安全ふつう
A nurse finds a used needle in a patient’s bed linen. What should the nurse do?
AFold it into the linen and send it to the laundry
BRecap it with two hands before throwing it away
CPick it up by the hub or with forceps, put it in a sharps container and report it
DLeave it where it is for the housekeeping staff to remove later in the day
16.感染管理と患者の安全むずかしい
A nurse sees a doctor about to insert a central line without a sterile gown, and a polite comment was ignored. Which TeamSTEPPS phrase helps to stop the procedure?
A“Let’s talk about it after you have finished.”
B“I will mention this to the manager at the next staff meeting.”
C“I am concerned, I am uncomfortable, this is a safety issue.”
D“I am sure you know what you are doing.”
17.検査値と電解質ふつう
A patient is starting atorvastatin. Which laboratory test is usually checked at baseline?
ABlood cultures
BThyroid antibodies
CLiver enzymes
DSerum lipase
18.検査値と電解質むずかしい
Which set of results most strongly suggests hemolytic anemia?
ALow hemoglobin, low platelets, low white cells, low reticulocytes
答え: A · As soon as IV or IO access is obtained, then every 3–5 minutes
これが答えになる理由
In non-shockable rhythms, adrenaline is given as soon as possible and repeated every 3–5 minutes while CPR continues. In shockable rhythms it is given after the third shock in UK/European guidelines (after the second shock in AHA guidelines).
答え
A · As soon as IV or IO access is obtained, then every 3–5 minutes
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia usually appears 5–10 days after starting heparin, with a large fall in platelets and a risk of clotting. The nurse reports at once so heparin can be stopped.
答え
D · Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
14.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: C · Flush the eye with plenty of water or saline straight away
これが答えになる理由
Chemical eye injuries are treated by immediate, continuous irrigation with large amounts of water or saline. Delay, rubbing or a patch allows more damage.
答え
C · Flush the eye with plenty of water or saline straight away
15.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: C · Pick it up by the hub or with forceps, put it in a sharps container and report it
これが答えになる理由
A loose needle is a hazard to everyone who handles the linen. The nurse disposes of it safely without recapping, using an instrument if needed, and reports the incident so the cause can be addressed.
答え
C · Pick it up by the hub or with forceps, put it in a sharps container and report it
16.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: C · “I am concerned, I am uncomfortable, this is a safety issue.”
これが答えになる理由
CUS words (Concerned, Uncomfortable, Safety issue) are agreed language that signals the need to stop and listen. Maximal barrier precautions are part of the central line bundle, so the concern is valid.
答え
C · “I am concerned, I am uncomfortable, this is a safety issue.”
17.検査値と電解質
答え: C · Liver enzymes
これが答えになる理由
Statins can raise liver enzymes, so a baseline ALT is usually checked, with a lipid panel to judge response. Routine repeat liver tests are not always needed, but symptoms of liver injury or muscle pain should be reported.
答え
C · Liver enzymes
18.検査値と電解質
答え: D · Low hemoglobin, high reticulocytes, high unconjugated bilirubin, high LDH
これが答えになる理由
When red cells break down early, hemoglobin is turned into unconjugated bilirubin and LDH is released, while the marrow increases reticulocytes. Option B fits iron deficiency, C fits B12 deficiency and D fits marrow failure.
答え
D · Low hemoglobin, high reticulocytes, high unconjugated bilirubin, high LDH