A newly hired nurse had BCG vaccine as a child. Which TB screening test is usually preferred?
ANo screening, because BCG prevents all TB
BA tuberculin skin test, which is read 24 hours after it is placed
CAn interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) blood test
DA chest x-ray every month for the first year
16.感染管理と患者の安全むずかしい
滅菌手袋が滅菌野の縁に触れたかどうか、看護師には確信がありません。正しい対応はどれですか?
A確信がないので、そのまま続ける
B見ていたかどうか患者に尋ねる
C手袋をアルコールで拭く
D手袋は汚染されたものとして扱い、交換する
17.検査値と電解質ふつう
During a red cell transfusion, when are serious acute reactions most likely, so the nurse stays with the patient?
AAfter about 2 hours
BAfter the last drop is given
CThe next morning
DIn the first 15 minutes
18.検査値と電解質むずかしい
Two weeks after a sore throat, a child develops dark (cola-colored) urine, puffy eyes and high blood pressure. Urinalysis shows red cell casts and protein. Which condition is most likely?
ALower urinary tract infection (cystitis)
BKidney stone in the ureter
CPrerenal acute kidney injury
DPost-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
3溶液
1.基礎看護学
答え: C · Secured upright in a holder or trolley, away from heat
これが答えになる理由
Cylinders are heavy and contain gas under pressure. They are kept upright and secured, away from heat and flames, and are handled carefully.
答え
C · Secured upright in a holder or trolley, away from heat
2.基礎看護学
答え: C · Remove the gloves, perform hand hygiene and put on new sterile gloves
これが答えになる理由
A sterile glove that touches a non-sterile surface is contaminated and must be replaced. Cleaning it or covering it does not restore sterility.
答え
C · Remove the gloves, perform hand hygiene and put on new sterile gloves
3.臨床看護学
答え: C · Venturi mask
これが答えになる理由
A Venturi mask entrains a set amount of room air, giving a fixed oxygen percentage regardless of the patient's breathing pattern. This makes it useful for patients at risk of hypercapnia.
答え
C · Venturi mask
4.臨床看護学
答え: B · Benzodiazepines, such as buccal midazolam or IV lorazepam
これが答えになる理由
Benzodiazepines enhance GABA and are first-line for seizures lasting over five minutes. If seizures continue, second-line antiepileptic drugs are given and senior help is needed.
答え
B · Benzodiazepines, such as buccal midazolam or IV lorazepam
答え: D · Ensure constant observation and remove anything he could use to harm himself
これが答えになる理由
A patient with a plan and means is at high risk. Safety comes first: constant observation, removal of means and urgent referral. A “no-harm promise” does not protect the patient.
答え
D · Ensure constant observation and remove anything he could use to harm himself
14.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: A · 大腿動脈からの心臓カテーテル検査の 1 時間後:新たな背部痛、脈拍 118 回/分、血圧 92/58 mmHg
A · 大腿動脈からの心臓カテーテル検査の 1 時間後:新たな背部痛、脈拍 118 回/分、血圧 92/58 mmHg
15.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: C · An interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) blood test
これが答えになる理由
BCG vaccine can cause a false-positive tuberculin skin test. IGRA blood tests are not affected by BCG, so they are preferred for people who have had the vaccine.
答え
C · An interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) blood test
Acute hemolytic and anaphylactic reactions usually appear early, so the transfusion is started slowly and the nurse stays with the patient for about the first 15 minutes, checking vital signs before, during and after according to policy.
答え
D · In the first 15 minutes
18.検査値と電解質
答え: D · Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
これが答えになる理由
Red cell casts show bleeding from the glomeruli, which is typical of glomerulonephritis. After a streptococcal infection, immune complexes inflame the glomeruli, causing hematuria, proteinuria, edema and hypertension. Cystitis and stones do not cause red cell casts.確認に用いた資料:Strep A Test · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2024)