How long should each pass of oropharyngeal or tracheal suction usually last?
AAbout one minute
BAbout 30–45 seconds
CNo more than about 10–15 seconds
DAs long as secretions keep coming
2.基礎看護学むずかしい
Eight hours after surgery a patient has not passed urine and has lower abdominal discomfort with a swelling above the pubic bone. What should the nurse do?
ARecord it and check again the next morning
BGive a laxative to relieve the swelling
CEncourage the patient to drink two litres of water quickly
DCheck the bladder volume with a scanner and report the findings
3.臨床看護学ふつう
Which technique is correct when suctioning through a tracheostomy?
AKeep suctioning for at least a minute each time to clear all the secretions
BApply suction continuously while inserting the catheter as far as it will go
CApply suction only while withdrawing the catheter, for no more than about 10–15 seconds
DSuction every 15 minutes whether or not secretions are present
4.臨床看護学むずかしい
A patient has a full-thickness burn all the way round the forearm. Which complication must be watched for closely?
AExcessive bleeding from the burn surface needing an urgent blood transfusion
BHypoglycaemia caused by the body using glucose to heal the burn
CLoss of circulation to the hand as swelling builds under tight burned skin
Using the Emergency Severity Index, which level fits a 70-year-old with chest pressure that suggests a heart attack, but normal vital signs?
ALevel 2
BLevel 5
CLevel 1
DLevel 4
14.優先順位の決定と委任むずかしい
During an infusion of a thrombolytic drug for stroke, the patient develops a severe headache and starts vomiting. What should the nurse do first?
ASlow the infusion and give an antiemetic as prescribed
BStop the infusion and inform the provider at once
CContinue the infusion, because headache is expected
DGive a dose of aspirin for the headache
15.感染管理と患者の安全ふつう
インスリンやヘパリンの持続注入など一部の薬に、独立したダブルチェックを行うのはなぜですか?
A第二の人が別々に確認することで、見落とした誤りを発見できるから
B準備の過程を速くするため
Cこれらの薬は無駄にすると非常に高価だから
D誤りが起きたとき、2人の看護師で責任を分担するため
16.感染管理と患者の安全むずかしい
Several patients on a ward develop vomiting and diarrhea within two days, and a norovirus outbreak is suspected. What should the nurse do first?
AMove the affected patients to different wards so that fewer people are exposed
BNotify the infection prevention team and place affected patients on contact precautions
CAsk visitors to bring in bottled water for all patients
DWait for all the stool results to come back before taking any action
17.検査値と電解質ふつう
How should a patient collect a clean-catch midstream urine sample?
AFill the cup completely, then add tap water if there is not enough
BClean the area, start voiding into the toilet, then catch the middle part
CCollect the very first urine of the stream directly in the sterile cup
DCollect urine from the toilet bowl after voiding into the toilet
18.検査値と電解質むずかしい
2 週間前に大量の輸血を受けた患者で、HbA1c の結果が誤解を招くことがあるのはなぜですか?
AHbA1c は、赤血球ではなく白血球上の糖を測定するため
B輸血は、常に HbA1c を偽高値まで上げるため
C多くの赤血球が供血者由来の細胞で、患者のブドウ糖に曝露されていないため
DHbA1c は、あらゆる状況で正確であるため
3溶液
1.基礎看護学
答え: C · No more than about 10–15 seconds
これが答えになる理由
Suction removes oxygen as well as secretions. Keeping passes short, oxygenating as needed and watching SpO₂ reduces hypoxia and airway trauma.
答え
C · No more than about 10–15 seconds
2.基礎看護学
答え: D · Check the bladder volume with a scanner and report the findings
これが答えになる理由
These signs suggest postoperative urinary retention. A bladder scan confirms the volume, and the doctor is told so it can be relieved, often by catheterisation.
答え
D · Check the bladder volume with a scanner and report the findings
3.臨床看護学
答え: C · Apply suction only while withdrawing the catheter, for no more than about 10–15 seconds
これが答えになる理由
Suctioning only on withdrawal and keeping it brief reduces hypoxia and mucosal damage. Suction is performed when needed, not routinely, and the patient is pre-oxygenated if required.
答え
C · Apply suction only while withdrawing the catheter, for no more than about 10–15 seconds
4.臨床看護学
答え: C · Loss of circulation to the hand as swelling builds under tight burned skin
これが答えになる理由
Circumferential full-thickness burns form a tight eschar that acts like a tourniquet as oedema develops. Neurovascular checks are needed, and escharotomy may be required.
答え
C · Loss of circulation to the hand as swelling builds under tight burned skin
Possible acute coronary syndrome is a high-risk situation, so the patient is ESI level 2 and should be seen very soon. Level 1 is kept for patients who need an immediate life-saving intervention.
答え
A · Level 2
14.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: B · Stop the infusion and inform the provider at once
これが答えになる理由
A new severe headache, vomiting or neurological decline during thrombolysis can mean intracranial bleeding. The infusion is stopped, the provider informed and an urgent scan arranged.
答え
B · Stop the infusion and inform the provider at once
答え: B · Notify the infection prevention team and place affected patients on contact precautions
これが答えになる理由
Early reporting lets infection prevention organize testing, cohorting, closing of the ward if needed, cleaning with suitable agents and soap-and-water hand hygiene. Moving patients around can spread the outbreak.
答え
B · Notify the infection prevention team and place affected patients on contact precautions
17.検査値と電解質
答え: B · Clean the area, start voiding into the toilet, then catch the middle part
これが答えになる理由
Cleaning the urethral area and discarding the first part of the stream reduce contamination from skin and urethral bacteria. The inside of the sterile container must not be touched, and the sample should reach the laboratory promptly.確認に用いた資料:Clean catch urine sample · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2024)
答え
B · Clean the area, start voiding into the toilet, then catch the middle part