A patient receiving an aminoglycoside antibiotic, such as gentamicin, reports ringing in the ears. What should the nurse do?
AGive the next dose early to finish the course
BReassure the patient that it is a normal effect
CHold the next dose and report it promptly
DAdvise the patient to use ear drops
14.優先順位の決定と委任むずかしい
Which patient with cirrhosis should the nurse see first?
AVomiting bright red blood, heart rate 120/min
BLarge ascites that is unchanged from yesterday
CWants to talk about stopping drinking alcohol for good
DLong-standing jaundice and itchy skin, asking for cream
15.感染管理と患者の安全ふつう
看護師が火災に消火器を使ってよいのはどのようなときですか?
A時間を節約するため、警報の前でも常に使う
B出口がふさがれていても、煙が出ていればいつでも使う
C決して使わない(消火器を使えるのは消防士だけ)
D火が小さく、警報が発せられ、出口が確保されているときだけ
16.感染管理と患者の安全むずかしい
Victims of a chemical spill arrive at the emergency department with liquid on their skin and clothing. What is the priority before they enter the building?
ADecontaminate them outside, with staff wearing appropriate PPE
BTake them straight into the resuscitation room so treatment is not delayed
CTake a full history in the waiting room
DGive them hospital gowns and seat them in triage
17.検査値と電解質ふつう
A patient is starting atorvastatin. Which laboratory test is usually checked at baseline?
答え: A · Check the patient's wishes and the caller's identity first
これが答えになる理由
Information is shared only with people the patient has agreed to, and the caller's identity is checked as per policy. Often only limited information is given by phone.
答え
A · Check the patient's wishes and the caller's identity first
2.基礎看護学
答え: A · Neuropathic pain
これが答えになる理由
Neuropathic pain comes from damage to nerves, for example in diabetes, and is often burning, shooting or tingling. It may respond poorly to standard analgesics and need specific drugs.
The glucose in 5% glucose is metabolised, leaving free water that dilutes the plasma sodium further. Postoperative patients often have raised ADH, so large volumes of hypotonic fluid can cause dangerous hyponatraemia.
Aminoglycosides can cause ototoxicity, which may be permanent. Tinnitus or hearing loss is reported promptly, and drug levels and kidney function are checked.
答え
C · Hold the next dose and report it promptly
14.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: A · Vomiting bright red blood, heart rate 120/min
これが答えになる理由
Vomiting blood with a fast pulse suggests bleeding esophageal varices, which can quickly be fatal. The other findings are chronic or stable.
答え: A · Decontaminate them outside, with staff wearing appropriate PPE
これが答えになる理由
Contaminated patients are decontaminated outside the department so the chemical is not brought inside to harm staff and other patients. Staff doing this wear PPE suited to the hazard.
答え
A · Decontaminate them outside, with staff wearing appropriate PPE
17.検査値と電解質
答え: C · Liver enzymes
これが答えになる理由
Statins can raise liver enzymes, so a baseline ALT is usually checked, with a lipid panel to judge response. Routine repeat liver tests are not always needed, but symptoms of liver injury or muscle pain should be reported.確認に用いた資料:Statins · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025)