An infant is choking and cannot cry or breathe. Which technique is correct?
AAbdominal thrusts, as in adults
BA blind finger sweep of the mouth
CHolding the infant upside down by the feet
DBack blows and chest thrusts
15.感染管理と患者の安全ふつう
利尿薬を使用している転倒リスクの高い患者が、夜間によく起き上がります。最も有効な対策はどれですか?
A夜間に効くよう、利尿薬を就寝時に投与する
B眠れるように、夜間は部屋を真っ暗にしておく
C昼食後は何も飲まないよう患者に伝える
D時間を決めた排泄誘導を行い、ナースコールと歩行補助具を手の届く所に置く
16.感染管理と患者の安全むずかしい
A child with fever, cough, red eyes and a spreading rash is in a clinic waiting room. Measles is suspected. What should the nurse do first?
AAsk the family to wait in the main waiting room until the child is called in
BPut a mask on the child and move them into an airborne isolation room
CGive the child an antipyretic and continue triage
DSend the child home to rest without an assessment
17.検査値と電解質ふつう
When blood is drawn from a central venous catheter, why is a small volume of blood usually discarded first, according to policy?
ATo lower the patient's hemoglobin for a blood transfusion
BTo avoid diluting the sample with flush or infusion fluid
CTo remove blood clots that form in all central lines
DTo check that the catheter tip is still in the right vein
18.検査値と電解質むずかしい
Two sets of blood cultures were taken from separate sites. Only one bottle in one set grows coagulase-negative staphylococci, and the patient has no line or implant. What is the most likely interpretation?
AInfection with a resistant organism such as MRSA
BProbable skin contamination of the sample
CCertain bloodstream infection needing treatment
DProof that the patient has infective endocarditis
3溶液
1.基礎看護学
答え: D · To let patients eat without interruptions, with help where needed
これが答えになる理由
Ward rounds and tests can interrupt meals, and patients then eat less. Protected mealtimes pause non-urgent activity so staff can focus on helping patients eat.
答え
D · To let patients eat without interruptions, with help where needed
2.基礎看護学
答え: B · Write it now as a late entry, stating when it was given
これが答えになる理由
Late entries are clearly marked as such, showing both when care was given and when the note was written. This keeps the record accurate and prevents a second dose being given.
答え
B · Write it now as a late entry, stating when it was given
3.臨床看護学
答え: B · Airway, breathing, circulation and level of consciousness
これが答えになる理由
Early postoperative assessment checks the airway, breathing, oxygen saturation, circulation, consciousness, pain, wound and drains. This detects anaesthetic and surgical complications early.
答え
B · Airway, breathing, circulation and level of consciousness
4.臨床看護学
答え: C · With an observational pain tool that scores facial expression, behaviour and body language
これが答えになる理由
Observational tools such as PAINAD or the Abbey Pain Scale help assess pain in people who cannot self-report. Family and carers can describe changes in usual behaviour.
答え
C · With an observational pain tool that scores facial expression, behaviour and body language
For a choking infant, the nurse gives cycles of five back blows and five chest thrusts. Abdominal thrusts are not used in infants, and blind finger sweeps can push the object deeper.
答え: B · Put a mask on the child and move them into an airborne isolation room
これが答えになる理由
Measles is highly contagious through airborne spread. The child is masked and placed in an airborne infection isolation room, or a closed single room if none is available, and exposed people may need follow-up.
答え
B · Put a mask on the child and move them into an airborne isolation room
17.検査値と電解質
答え: B · To avoid diluting the sample with flush or infusion fluid
これが答えになる理由
Central lines contain flush solution or infused fluids, which can dilute the sample or add glucose, heparin or electrolytes. Infusions are paused and an initial volume is discarded (or reinfused per policy) before the sample is drawn; then the line is flushed.
答え
B · To avoid diluting the sample with flush or infusion fluid
18.検査値と電解質
答え: B · Probable skin contamination of the sample
これが答えになる理由
Coagulase-negative staphylococci are common skin flora. Growth in only one of several bottles, without a catheter or implant, most often reflects contamination during collection. Good skin antisepsis reduces contamination, which can lead to unnecessary antibiotics.確認に用いた資料:Blood culture · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025)