Two days after surgery a patient has a temperature of 37.9 °C and reduced breath sounds at the lung bases. What is the most helpful nursing action, alongside reporting it?
AStop all pain relief so the patient stays alert
BRestrict all fluids to dry the secretions
CKeep the patient lying flat in bed so they can rest and save energy
DEncourage deep breathing, coughing and getting out of bed
3.臨床看護学ふつう
患者に疝痛性の腹痛、腹部膨満、嘔吐があり、2 日間排便も排ガスもありません。考えられる問題は?
A過敏性腸症候群
B腸閉塞
C合併症のない虫垂炎
D胃腸炎
4.臨床看護学むずかしい
A nurse is teaching a patient who is starting warfarin. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
A"I will tell my dentist that I take warfarin."
B"I will keep my INR blood test appointments."
C"I will report black stools or unusual bruising."
Aspirin and other NSAIDs increase the bleeding risk with warfarin, so patients should ask before taking any new medicine. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is usually the safer choice for simple pain.
Potassium is not added to IV fluids until the child is passing urine, because poor kidney function can let potassium build up to dangerous levels.
答え
B · That the child is passing urine
15.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: A · It is written factually and does not replace documenting the fall in the patient’s record
これが答えになる理由
The nurse documents the facts of the fall, the assessment and the care given in the patient’s record. The incident report is a separate quality-improvement document and is not filed in the chart. Policies differ on whether the record notes that a report was made: many US facilities advise against it, while many UK services record the report reference. Falls are reported whether or not there is an injury.
答え
A · It is written factually and does not replace documenting the fall in the patient’s record
16.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: D · Tell the charge nurse and ask for help or a change of assignment
これが答えになる理由
Accepting a task beyond one’s competence puts the patient at risk. The nurse explains the limit to the charge nurse, who can arrange help, training or reassignment.
答え
D · Tell the charge nurse and ask for help or a change of assignment
17.検査値と電解質
答え: D · Strenuous exercise raised CK from skeletal muscle
これが答えになる理由
Strenuous exercise, IM injections and muscle trauma can raise CK from skeletal muscle. A very high CK with dark urine suggests rhabdomyolysis, and heart damage is assessed with troponin, not CK.確認に用いた資料:Creatine Kinase · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2023); Creatine phosphokinase test · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025)
答え
D · Strenuous exercise raised CK from skeletal muscle