答え: D · Stop and recheck the prescription before giving it
これが答えになる理由
A patient questioning a medicine may be a sign of an error. The nurse holds the dose, checks the prescription and the drug and explains before giving it.
答え
D · Stop and recheck the prescription before giving it
Nocturnal hypoglycaemia can cause sweating, restless sleep, nightmares and morning headache. Checking glucose overnight and reviewing insulin doses can confirm and correct it.
答え
B · Night-time hypoglycaemia
4.臨床看護学
答え: A · Reduce the oxygen to keep the SpO2 within the prescribed target range
これが答えになる理由
Oxygen is prescribed to a target range, usually 94–98% for most patients. Once the patient is stable it should be weaned down, as unnecessary hyperoxia has no benefit and can be harmful.
答え
A · Reduce the oxygen to keep the SpO2 within the prescribed target range
A drowsy patient who vomits can aspirate. Turning them to the side lets vomit drain from the mouth; suction and a prescribed antiemetic follow.
答え
C · Turn the patient onto their side
14.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: B · Give five rescue breaths; if breathing starts, tag the child red
これが答えになる理由
In JumpSTART, an apneic child with a pulse gets five rescue breaths, because the cause is often respiratory. If breathing starts the child is immediate (red); if not, the child is expectant.
答え
B · Give five rescue breaths; if breathing starts, tag the child red
15.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: C · Only the patient should press it, because this keeps the system safe
これが答えになる理由
PCA is safe because a patient who becomes drowsy stops pressing the button. When others press it (“PCA by proxy”), sedation and respiratory depression can occur.
答え
C · Only the patient should press it, because this keeps the system safe
16.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: A · Going from one patient’s bed to the next while wearing the same gloves
これが答えになる理由
Gloves must be changed and hand hygiene done between patients, because contaminated gloves spread organisms directly. The other actions are correct infection-control practice.
答え
A · Going from one patient’s bed to the next while wearing the same gloves
17.検査値と電解質
答え: B · At least 6–8 hours after a dose, often just before the next one
これが答えになる理由
Digoxin distributes slowly from blood to tissues, so a sample taken too soon after a dose is falsely high. Levels are drawn at least 6–8 hours after a dose, commonly as a trough before the next dose.
答え
B · At least 6–8 hours after a dose, often just before the next one